GENERAL INDEX
- A
- Abdominal typhus, one of the early names given to typhoid fever, [202]
- Abernethy, John, celebrated English surgeon of the 18th and early 19th centuries, [131]
- Abraham, long life of, [31]
- “Adversaria Anatomica,” the title of Morgagni’s first published treatise, [92]
- Albertini, Hyppolyte, [92]
- Albinus, [35]
- Alcohol, how death is produced by, [148]
- Allgemeine Krankenhaus, the, at Vienna, reorganized by the Emperor, Joseph II., [74]
- Allopaths, the, [26]
- Alston, [130]
- Ambulance, field, invented by Baron Larrey, [244]
- Amputation of limbs, circular, credited by the English to Cheselden, [151]
- credited by the French to J. L. Petit, [151]
- Amputations, primary, highly recommended by Baron Larrey in military surgery, [248]
- Anatomy and physiology, great stress laid by Sir Benjamin Brodie on the importance, to surgeons, of an intimate knowledge of, [149]
- Animalcules found in infusions, [93]
- Archiv für Physiologische Heilkunde, founded in 1842, [54]
- Arsenic, how death is produced by, [148]
- Auenbrugger, [189], [194]
- novum inventum of, [76]
- Auricle, voluntary movements of, [87]
- Auscultation, difficulties encountered by the physician in his efforts to interpret correctly the significance of certain sounds heard during, [198]
- Autenrieth, associated with Reil in editing the Archives of Physiology, [20]
- Authorities quoted, list of, [271]
- “Avis au Peuple,” title of Tissot’s most popular medical treatise, [99]
- Ayen, Duke of, an enthusiastic botanist, [171]
- Azote, lifeless matter, [123]
- B
- Baglivi, Giorgio, celebrated Italian physician of the 17th century, [91]
- Balfour, a distinguished physician of Calcutta, attempted in 1818 to establish the idea that gonorrhoea is a disease distinct from syphilis, [153]
- Baron, Dr., biographer of Sir Edward Jenner, [111]
- Barthez, Paul-Joseph, Chancellor of the University of Montpellier, [198]
- Bartlett, Elisha, of Boston, Mass., translator of J. L. H. P.’s biography of Dupuytren, [227]
- Bassi Laura, distinguished Italian scientist, [93]
- Baudelocque, Professor of Obstetrics at La Maternité in Paris, [254], [260]
- chosen to take charge of the accouchement of the Empress, Marie Louise, [256]
- Bayle, A. L. J., author of a treatise entitled “Bibliothèque de Thérapeutique,” [265]
- Bayle, Gaspard Laurent, distinguished French physician, [182]
- (Portrait [182])
- Beer, Georg Josef, celebrated ophthalmologist of Vienna, Austria, [77], [231]
- Bell, Benjamin, [153]
- Bell, Sir Charles, [153]
- Bell, John, distinguished English anatomist, [155]
- Benedict, T. W. G., [77]
- Bernard, Claude, on the nature of vital force, [21]
- (See also under [Claude Bernard])
- Bichat, Marie François-Xavier, [162], [164], [210]
- Billroth, [50]
- Blumenbach, [45]
- Boer, Professor of Obstetrics at Vienna, [75]
- Boerhaave, [18], [35], [60]
- Bone formation, as explained by Prochaska, [80]
- Bonnet, Théophile, author of the famous treatise on pathological anatomy, entitled “Sepulchretum,” [93]
- Bordeu, Théophile, one of the earliest French physicians to engage in research work, [159], [160]
- Borsieri, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine at Pavia, [102]
- Botany, reasons for the enthusiastic love for this branch of science which some men appear to possess, [172]
- Brain, injuries of, Sir Benjamin Brodie’s observations on the treatment of, [149]
- Brasquet demonstrated the erroneous nature of Broussais’ statistics, [212]
- Bretonneau, proposed the name “Dothiénentérite” for typhoid fever, [203]
- Brodie, Sir Benjamin Collins, Professor of Anatomy and Surgery in the Royal College of Surgeons, London, [147]
- Broussais, François Joseph Victor, physician connected with the Military Hospital at Val-de-Grâce, and, later, Professor of General and Special Pathology and Therapeutics at the University of Paris, [55], [207]
- Broussaism, [208]
- Brunonianism, [23], [47]
- Bureau d’adresse ou de rencontre, [5]
- C
- Cabanis, Pierre-Jean-Georges, [175]
- Camerarius, Elias, [35]
- Cardiac and pulmonary diseases, pathological anatomy of, [197]
- Carotid artery, first ligated by Sir Astley Cooper, [137]
- Cataract operations by Prof. Beer at the Allgemeine Krankenhaus in Vienna, [77]
- Cavendish, the English chemist who confirmed Priestley’s discovery that atmospheric air is composed of water and different acids, [120]
- Charité, La, one of the larger Paris hospitals, [261]
- Chereau, [258]
- Cheselden credited by the English with having been the first to perform the circular amputation of limbs, [151]
- Chest, auscultation of, [196]
- Chesterfield, Earl of, [44]
- Chomel, [202]
- Chopart, François, widely known by his advocacy of the operation called “Chopart’s amputation” of the foot, [220], [260]
- Cinchona bark, remedial effects of, suggested to Hahnemann the doctrine of similia similibus, [22]
- Circular amputation of limbs, [151]
- Cisalpine Republic, formation of, [104]
- Claude Bernard, [125]
- on the nature of vital force, [21]
- Claude Chastillon, architect of the Hôpital Saint-Louis at Paris, [263]
- Clavicle, fracture of, Desault’s bandage in the treatment of, [164], [223]
- Clinical teaching inaugurated in the Vienna Medical School, [66]
- Condillac favors Locke’s philosophy, [53]
- Cooper, Sir Astley, distinguished English surgeon of the 18th and early 19th century, [135]
- (Portrait [136])
- Corvisart, Jean-Nicolas, [76], [186], [188], [191], [260]
- Cow-pox virus, [114]
- Crantz, Heinrich, [65]
- Cross, Dr. John, personal observations of the service rendered at La Maternité hospital in Paris, [253], [262]
- testimony of, with regard to Dupuytren, [229]
- Crystalline lens, method of extracting perfected by the French surgeon, Daviel, [151]
- Cure, Law of, by Hahnemann, [23]
- Cuvier, the naturalist, [x]
- explains why some men become so enamored with the science of botany, [172]
- D
- Daubenton, celebrated French naturalist, [177]
- Daviel, [151]
- De Haen, Anton, [53]
- his treatise, “Ratio Medendi,” [65]
- Delpech, Jacques, [233]
- Demosthenes, distinguished eye surgeon of Marseilles, France, [231]
- Demours, famous French ophthalmologist, [231]
- Denman, Thomas, English author of a treatise on obstetrics, [255]
- Dental surgery, distinguished French authorities in, [236]
- Dephlogisticated air (oxygen) discovered by Joseph Priestley, [120]
- Desault, Pierre-Joseph, distinguished French surgeon, [163], [221]
- Descartes, French philosopher, advocates à priori reasoning in preference to realistic philosophy, [52]
- Descemet, distinguished French botanist and anatomist, [231], [232]
- also successful as a practitioner in maladies of the eye, [233]
- “Descemet’s Membrane,” according to Hyrtl, should be named “Duddel’s membrane,” [87]
- “De Sedibus et Causis Morborum,” the title of Morgagni’s famous work, [92]
- Desgenettes, Aimé-Nicolas Du-friche, a distinguished French military surgeon, [241]
- Desruelles, one of Broussais’ pupils, did not employ mercury in his treatment of syphilis, but applied leeches locally, [211]
- Devaux, Jean, a learned French surgeon of the 17th century, [237]
- Dezeimeris, [37], [42], [97]
- Diderot favors Locke’s philosophy, [53]
- Dieffenbach, Johann Friedrich, [48]
- Dimsdale and Tronchin, the two earliest European advocates of inoculation in small-pox, [108]
- “Doceo ut discam,” Seneca’s motto, [159]
- “Dothiénentérite” the name proposed by Bretonneau for typhoid fever, [203]
- Douglass, James, distinguished Scotch anatomist and surgeon of the 18th century, [35], [132]
- Douglass, John, younger brother of James, revived the supra-pubic operation for stone in the bladder, [132]
- Drowning, case of recovery, [29]
- Dublin lying-in hospital, [255]
- Duddel, E., an Englishman, was the first to describe the membrane commonly known as “Descemet’s membrane,” [87]
- Dumas, Charles Louis, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Montpellier, [174]
- Dupuytren, Guillaume, one of the great surgeons at the Hôtel-Dieu of Paris, [226]
- Duverneys, father and son, [35]
- E
- École de Médecine, the old, of Paris, has now been transformed into a sort of social hall for the use of all the university students, [259]
- Écoles de Santé, in France, [259]
- Eli, the High Priest, long life of, [31]
- Elisha, long life of, [31]
- Engel, Dr., of Vienna, [62]
- Enteric fever, one of the first names given to typhoid fever, [202]
- Esmarch, [49], [50]
- F
- Face, articulations of the bones of the, [159]
- Faculté de Médecine, the, of Paris, was housed in 1808 in the quarters of the Collège de l’Académie de Chirurgie, [258]
- Fauchard, Pierre, author of a treatise on the surgery of the mouth, [237]
- Femur, ununited fracture of, [149]
- Dr. Physick’s treatment of, [149]
- Ferrand, distinguished French surgeon of the 18th century, [224]
- Fistula in ano, operation for, [151]
- Forli, the Academy of, [92]
- Fothergill, John, one of the most distinguished English physicians of the 18th century, [129]
- Four-year course adopted by Vienna School of Medicine toward end of 18th century, [74]
- Franco, Pierre, of Lausanne, Switzerland, and Orange, France, [151], [231]
- Frank, Johann Peter, founder of the first treatise distinctly devoted to hygiene and medico-legal science, [17], [44]
- Franklin, Benjamin, remarks of, concerning inoculation, [109]
- French physicians, types of, who flourished about the time of the “Reign of Terror,” [171]
- French Revolution, Medicine at the height of the, [170]
- Frère Côme, [151]
- Frère Jacques, [151]
- G
- Galeria Copiala, long life of, [30]
- Galvani, Aloysius, lecturer on anatomy at the University of Bologna, [103]
- Galvanism, [104]
- Gangrene, hospital, [235]
- Gariot, Jean-Baptiste, dentist to the King of Spain during the 18th century, [238]
- author of a treatise on diseases of the mouth, [238]
- Gasser, Lorenz, [65]
- Gasserian ganglion, a term invented by A. R. B. Hirsch, [65]
- Gastritis, one of the first names given to the disease now commonly called “typhoid fever,” [202]
- Gastro-entero-cephalitis, one of the first names given to typhoid fever, [202]
- Gazette de France, founding of the, [6]
- Germans, cultured, obliged to think, speak and write in French at the end of the 18th century, [53]
- Germany, low state of medical affairs in, at the beginning of the 18th century, [15], [52]
- Giant, the famous Irish, whose skeleton was secured by John Hunter for his museum in London, [145]
- Gilles de la Tourette, [10]
- Gimbernat, a distinguished Spanish surgeon, [137]
- Glands, position of, and their action, [160]
- Goettingen, University of, [37]
- Gonorrhoea, during the 18th century, commonly believed to be one of the manifestations of syphilis, [153]
- Goudareau, author of a French translation of J. P. Frank’s treatise, [45]
- Graeco-Latin terminology adopted by physicians in conversation with their patients not approved by Kant, the metaphysician, [74]
- Griesinger, Wilhelm, [55]
- Gurlt, von, [50]
- Guy Patin, [9]
- H
- Haen, Anton de, [53], [64]
- Hahnemann, Samuel, [22]
- Hall, Marshall, [204]
- Hallé, Jean-Noël, distinguished French Physician, [178]
- very successful in overcoming the opposition in France and Italy to vaccination, [180]
- Haller, Albrecht von, [19], [34]
- Heart and lungs, diseases of, full discussion of, by Laënnec, [197]
- Heat-production in living animals, Lavoisier’s theory of, [124]
- Hernia, different kinds of, [137]
- Hirsch, August, [15], [52], [74]
- exposed the perniciousness of Broussais’ treatment, [212]
- Hirsch, A. R. B., invented the term “Gasserian ganglion,” [65]
- Hoffmann, Friedrich, of Halle, Prussia, [19], [53]
- Hofrath, Aulic Councillor, [46]
- Holy Land, Prince Louis’ crusade to, in 1147, [98]
- Homoeopathy, [22]
- in the city of New York in the years 1850–1870, [26]
- Hôpital Saint-louis, at Paris, [262]
- (Illustration, [264])
- Hospital work in Vienna reorganized toward end of 18th century, [74]
- Hospitals, Parisian, [261]
- Hostel Des Consultations Charitables, [8]
- Hôtel-Dieu, the great hospital of Paris, [4], [261]
- (Illustration, [258])
- Hueter, [50]
- Hufeland, Christoph Wilhelm, [16], [28]
- Hunter, John, the English anatomist and biologist, [40], [95]
- Hunter, William, distinguished English surgeon and anatomist, [139]
- Hygiene, first journal devoted to, [17]
- Hypotheses, rather than facts, should not serve as the basis of doctrines in either pathology or therapeutics, [33]
- Hyrtl, Joseph, distinguished Professor of Anatomy at the Vienna Medical School, [85]
- I
- Inflammation believed by Broussais to be at the bottom of most of the pathological phenomena encountered in the practice of medicine, [210]
- Inoculating for the small-pox, [108]
- Insomnia defined by A. von Haller, [39]
- Irritability and Sensibility, distinction between these terms, [38]
- Isaac, long life of, [31]
- Ishmael, long life of, [31]
- Italy, Medicine in, [89]
- J
- Jacquin, Nicolaus Joseph, [65]
- Jaeger, F., one of the distinguished Vienna ophthalmologists, [77]
- Jahr’s Manual of Homoeopathic Medicine, [26]
- Jenner, Sir Edward, discoverer of vaccination as a means of protection against small-pox, [110]
- Jesuit Order gradually excluded from the control of affairs in the Vienna University, [66]
- J. L. H. P., sketches of French medical men by, [207]
- Joints, diseases of, researches of Sir Benjamin Brodie respecting, [148], [149]
- Jonet, Marie, Sage-Femme Jurée at the Chatelet Hospital in Paris, [256]
- Joseph, Father—Leclerc du Tremblay, [8]
- Joseph, son of Jacob, long life of, [31]
- Joseph II., Emperor, successor of his mother, Maria Theresa, [71]
- Joshua, long life of, [31]
- Jourdain, Anselme-Louis-Bernard-Brechillet, distinguished French dental surgeon of the 18th century, [238]
- K
- Kant, Immanuel, the famous Prussian metaphysician, [74]
- Katzenjammer, [35]
- Kaunitz, Prince, Imperial Austrian Chancellor, [62]
- Korn, Georg, [48], [52]
- L
- Lachapelle, Veuve, Associate Midwife-in-Chief of Hôtel-Dieu, [256]
- Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe, inventor of the modern method of auscultation, [195]
- Langenbeck, von, [48], [49]
- Larrey, Baron Jean-dominique, distinguished French military surgeon, and inventor of an improved type of field ambulance, [243], [244]
- Lassus, [260]
- Latin, barbaric, employed by the Germans in their university lectures at the end of the 18th century, [53]
- Laugier, Robert, [65]
- Lausanne, in 1765, still recognized the Bernese Government as its overlord, [100]
- Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent, invented the term “oxygen” and described its full significance, [120], [122].
- (For portrait see Frontispiece.)
- discovered the important fact that all organic bodies are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, [123]
- credited with having formulated the chemical theory of respiration, [125]
- discovered also that all the acids contain oxygen, [120]
- formulates the theory of heat-production in living animals, [124]
- Government collector of taxes in the early part of his career, [122]
- guillotined on May 8, 1794, [124]
- maintains that combustion represents simply the combination of the two elements, carbon and oxygen, [123]
- one of the first to cultivate experimental physiology, [168]
- proves that the act of respiration in animals is a species of combustion, in the course of which oxygen combines with certain elements of the body to form water and carbonic acid, [123]
- proves also that Stahl’s doctrine of animism, as well as the phlogiston theory, is untenable, [123]
- Le Clerc, biographer of Dupuytren, [226]
- Leclerc du Tremblay, Capucin monk, known as “His Gray Eminence,” [4]
- Le Dran, distinguished French surgeon, [36]
- Leipzig, battle of, [21]
- Lemonnier, Louis Guillaume, a French physician who ardently cultivated the science of botany, [171]
- life saved from the violence of the mob in 1782, [173]
- Liard, value of the, [6]
- “Life, the Art of Prolonging,” title of famous treatise written by Hufeland, [28]
- Lithotomia Douglassiana, [133]
- Livia, long life of, [30]
- Livre, value of the, [8]
- Loaning money to the poor at a low rate of interest (Renaudot’s saggestion), [5]
- Locher, Maximilian, [68]
- Locke, John, the English philosopher, [52]
- Longevity, instances of exceptional, [30]
- Loudon, Western France, birthplace of Renaudot, [3]
- (Views of city and vicinity, [4])
- Louis, Antoine, celebrated Parisian surgeon, [203]
- Louis, Charles A. P., Chief of Clinic at the Paris École de Médecine, [187], [203], [210]
- (Portrait [204])
- Louis Philippe, Duke of Orleans, [109]
- Louis Xiii, [4], [6]
- Louvain, High School of, [59]
- Luceia, long life of, [30]
- Luecke, [50]
- M
- Mackenzie, the distinguished ophthalmologist, [77]
- Magendie, one of the first French scientists to cultivate experimental physiology, [168]
- on the difficulties of interpreting correctly the significance of certain sounds heard during auscultation, [198]
- Mahon, P. A. O., [260]
- Makrobiotik, the Art of Prolonging Life, Hufeland’s famous treatise, [16], [28]
- Maria Theresa, Empress of Germany, [61]
- Marianne, Archduchess, [61]
- Marshall, Hall], [204]
- Maternité, La, the great French midwifery school at Paris, [253]
- Medical literature, German, low state of, at the beginning of the 18th century, [15]
- Medical periodical, the first French, [7]
- Medici, Marie de’, [4]
- Membrana Descemetii erroneously so named, [87]
- Mercurial salivation, frequency of, before Van Swieten’s time, [68]
- Mercury, red oxide of, when heated, produces oxygen (Priestley), [120]
- Midwifery as taught at La Maternité, the great French midwifery school, [253]
- Military surgery, [241]
- Monro, [130]
- Montpellier, views of, [198], [200], [202]
- Monts-de-piété, when first established at Paris, [5]
- Monument erected in Hôtel-Dieu in honor of Desault and Bichat, [167], [192]
- Morgagni, Giovanni Battista, one of the greatest anatomists of the 18th century, [91]
- teachings of, [210]
- Moses, long life of, [31]
- Mouse, alive, case of swallowing of, [32]
- Mouth, surgery of the, [237]
- Mueller, Johannes, [154]
- Mueller, Willibald, author of Van Swieten’s biography, [63]
- N
- Napoleon at the University of Pavia in 1805, [96]
- “Nature cures disease” (Hufeland), [33]
- Necker, Madame, founder of a hospital in Paris, [188]
- Newspaper, the, first founded in Paris, France, [5]
- Norton, Mrs. Charles F., Librarian, Transylvania College, Lexington, Kentucky, [ix]
- “Nosographie Philosophique,” Pinel’s celebrated treatise, [202]
- “Novum Inventum,” the, of Auenbrugger, [76]
- O
- O’Brien, the celebrated Irish giant, [145]
- Officiers de Santé, [259]
- Ophthalmology, one of the first specialties to take root in Vienna, [77]
- “Organon of the Rational Art of Healing,” Hahnemann’s great work, [22], [23], [25]
- Orthopedic Surgery, [234]
- Os unguis, perforation of, by Woolhouse, [151]
- Oxygen, the full significance of which term was made known to the world by Lavoisier some time after Priestley’s discovery, [120]
- P
- Pagel, statement of, with regard to Broussais, [207]
- Palate, the art of remedying defects of the, [237]
- Pannus, first correct description of, by Beer, of Vienna, [78]
- Paré, Ambroise, [224]
- Pathogenic fever, one of the early names given to typhoid fever, [202]
- Pathological propositions advanced by Broussais, [209]
- Pavia, University of, [45]
- Maria Theresa, Empress of Germany, takes a strong interest in its prosperity, [94]
- Percussion method of Auenbrugger, [193]
- Père Potentine, [188]
- Petersen, [55]
- Petit, J. L., famous surgeon of Paris, [162], [215]
- Petit, Marc-Antoine, celebrated French surgeon, [162]
- Petit-Radel, [183]
- Phlogiston theory of Stahl, [120]
- Physick, Dr., of Philadelphia, treatment of ununited fracture of the femur by, [149]
- Physiological propositions advanced by Broussais, [208]
- Physiology, animal and vegetable, [95]
- Piarrou de Chamousset, who built a hospital in which every patient had a bed to himself or herself, [263]
- Pinel, Philippe, author of the work entitled “Nosogrophie Philosophique,” [202], [260]
- Police, Medical, [44]
- Pope’s description of travelling among the Alps, [121]
- Pott, Percival, famous English surgeon, the first to publish a complete memoir of the disease now commonly known as “Pott’s disease of the spine,” [133]
- Priestley, Joseph, discoverer of “dephlogisticated air” (oxygen), [120]
- Primae Lineae Physiologiae, the title of the first systematic treatise on physiology, [38]
- Prochaska, Georg, [79]
- Pulmonary and cardiac diseases, pathological anatomy of, [177]
- Puschmann, [3], [45], [75], [85]
- Putridity alone, according to Peter Frank, not the cause of typhoid fever, but rather the vehicle of a special contagium vivum, [203]
- Pythagoras, views of, with regard to eating, physical exercise, etc., [31]
- R
- Rasori’s therapeutic method resembles that of Broussais, [212]
- “Recherches Physiologiques sur la Vie et la Mort” (Bichat), [167]
- Reil, Johann Christian, [17], [19]
- Religious beliefs, tolerance of, increased by the French Revolution, [53]
- Renaudot, Théophraste, founder of the first French newspaper, [3]
- Respiration, Lavoisier’s chemical theory of, [125]
- Richelieu, Cardinal, [4]
- (Portrait, [6])
- Richet, A., opinion of, with regard to J. L. Petit’s qualifications as a surgeon, [215]
- Rokitansky, Carl, Professor of Pathological Anatomy in the Vienna Medical School, [81], [92], [93]
- Rosas, Anton, the distinguished Vienna ophthalmologist, [77], [231]
- Roux, well-known French surgeon, report of, regarding the condition of English surgery in the early part of the 19th century, [151]
- Roux, Professor, member of the Paris Faculté de Médecine, visits London in 1814 for the purpose of ascertaining by personal observation how the English surgeons are dealing with the more important problems in surgery, [150]
- S
- Sabatier, Raphaël-Bienvenu, distinguished French surgeon of the 18th century, [218], [260]
- Sacombe, Dr., charges Baudelocque with criminal practice in performing the operation of Caesarian section, [255]
- both the courts and public opinion promptly judged this charge to be an infamous calumny, [255]
- Saint-Louis, Hôpital, at Paris, [262]
- Salivation, mercurial, frequency of, before van Swieten’s time, [68]
- Salpétrière, La, one of the larger hospitals at Paris, [261]
- Sanitation, house and municipal, first treatise upon, published in Germany toward the end of the 18th century, [44]
- Santé, Écoles de, [259]
- Santé, Officiers de, [259]
- Sarah, Abraham’s wife, long life of, [31]
- Scarpa, Antonio, the Italian anatomist, [46], [96]
- refusal of, to take the oath of allegiance to the newly established Cisalpine Republic, [96]
- Scheele, William, also mentioned as a discoverer of oxygen, [120]
- Schleswig-Holstein campaign, [48]
- Scopoli, [46]
- Senebier, Jean, of Geneva, Switzerland, [95]
- Seneca’s motto, “Doceo ut discam,” [159]
- Sensibility and irritability, the distinction between these terms, [38]
- “Sepulchretum,” title of Bonnet’s famous treatise, [93]
- Similia similibus, believed by Hahnemann to be a general law of healing, [22]
- Simpson, James J., Professor of Midwifery in the University of Edinburgh, [25]
- Single beds, the establishment of, as the only desirable ones in hospitals, [263]
- Sleep, von Haller’s definition of the term, [39]
- Slow nervous fever, one of the first names given to typhoid fever, [202]
- Small-pox, earliest mention of, by Rhazes, in A. D. 922, [107]
- measures adopted for the control of, [107]
- Somnambulism defined by von Haller, [40]
- “Sore-throat, putrid,” epidemic of, in 1746, [130]
- Spallanzani, Lazarus, distinguished Italian biologist, [93]
- letter of, concerning Dr. Tissot, [102]
- Spina bifida first successfully treated by Sir Astley Cooper, [138]
- Sprengel, [42], [155], [255]
- Stagnant water, minute organisms found in, [95]
- Stahl, Georg Ernst, [53]
- phlogiston theory of, [120]
- Stahlism, [23]
- Stanislas Augustus, King of Poland, a great admirer of Dr. Tissot, [99]
- Steno, duct of, operation for perforating, [151]
- Stethoscope, as perfected by Laënnec, [196]
- Stoerck, Anton, [65], [71]
- Stoll’s “Aphorisms,” [190]
- Stones, shape of, affected by running water, [94]
- Stromeyer, [48]
- Sudhoff, on character of Johann Christian Reil, [21]
- Superstition diminished by the French Revolution, [53]
- Suprapubic operation for stone in the bladder revived by John Douglass, [132]
- Surgeons, English, pleasant relations among, [152]
- Surgery, the golden age of, in France, [213]
- Surgical anatomy taught with great success by Desault, [223]
- Swiss physicians of prominence during the 18th century, [34]
- Sylvius, attempt of, to inaugurate clinical teaching at the University of Leyden, [67]
- Synovial membranes, [166]
- Syphilis affecting an entire family, [200]
- T
- Tenon’s criticisms on Hôtel-Dieu and Hôpital Saint-Louis at Paris, [263]
- Terentia, long life of, [30]
- Théophraste Renaudot, founder of the first French newspaper, [3]
- Thoracentesis very frequently performed by Auenbrugger of Vienna, [76]
- Tissoni, original name of Tissot, [97]
- Tissot, Samuel-Auguste-André-David, Swiss physician of Italian origin, [41], [97], [135]
- Transylvania University at Lexington, Kentucky, IX
- Traube, Ludwig, [54]
- Trautson, Archbishop, [66]
- Trendelenburg, [50]
- Tronchin, Théodore, of Geneva, Switzerland, [98], [108]
- Trousseau, Armand, author of the treatise entitled “Clinique de l’Hôtel-Dieu,” [269];
- Tuberculous deposits in the lungs, diagnosed by auscultation, [210]
- Typhoid fever, the term finally decided upon for this disease, [203]
- V
- Vaccination, for the prevention of small-pox, introduced by Jenner in 1796, [110]
- picture of a medal commemorating the discovery of, [108]
- Vallisnieri, Antonio, distinguished Italian naturalist, [93]
- Valsalva, Antonius, [92]
- Van Swieten, Gerhard, [19], [59]
- Varicose veins of the leg, Sir Benjamin Brodie’s treatment of, [149]
- Variolae vaccinae, an inquiry into the causes and effects of the, [114]
- Vegetable poisons, experiments made by Sir Benjamin Brodie on the different modes in which death is produced by, [148]
- Velpeau (Portrait [268])
- Ventes à grâce troque ou rachapt, [5]
- Vesalius, [83]
- Vicq-d’Azyr, Felix, distinguished French anatomist and physiologist, [130], [177]
- Vienna, revival of medical science at, in early part of the 18th century, [16]
- Vienna School of Medicine, [57]
- reorganization of, [64]
- scheme of teaching adopted by, in 1780, [73]
- Vital force, memoir on, by Reil, [20]
- Volta, [46]
- Voltaire, [263]
- advocates the teachings of John Locke, [52]
- Von Graefe, C. F., the distinguished ophthalmologist, [77]
- Von Graefe, Karl, director of the Surgical Clinic of Berlin, [48]
- Von Haller, Albrecht, [19], [34], [38], [95], [101]
- the first to cultivate experimental physiology, [168]
- Von Langenbeck, [48], [49]
- Von Walther, Philip, [77]
- W
- Wakefulness defined by von Haller, [39]
- Water, infected, drinking of, mentioned by Galen as the cause of various epidemic fevers, [202]
- Wheeler, translator of Hahnemann’s “Organon,” [22]
- “White inflammation,” Boerhaave’s, [183]
- Williams Memorial Publication Fund, VII
- Winslow, distinguished anatomist, [36]
- Woolhouse, the first surgeon to perform the operation of perforating the os unguis, [151]
- Wunderlich, Karl August, [54]
- Z
- Zimmermann, Johann Georg, [41]
Footnotes
[1]. The liard was a small copper coin worth at that time one-quarter of a sou. The latter coin was about as large as a silver quarter of a dollar or a one-shilling piece (English money).
[2]. The view of the small town of Loudun (see opposite page [4]), which has been copied from a photograph of quite recent date, shows that Gilles de la Tourette’s hope has already been realized.
[3]. See Haller’s comments on Boerhaave’s personality, at bottom of page 445 of “The Growth of Medicine.”
[4]. In the city of Leipzig alone there were no fewer than 30,000 wounded and sick soldiers belonging to all the different nations engaged in the war.
[5]. The following quotations are from Wheeler’s English Translation of the Organon.