[17] All important traces of the earlier structures seem to have disappeared.
[18] The Emperor Antoninus Pius, in order to provide properly for these patients, erected at Epidaurus a special building in which confinement cases and those likely to end fatally might be lodged.
[19] The slave of Chremulos.
[20] To save space the head of the god alone has been reproduced in Fig. 5.
[21] Histoire de la Médecine, Amsterdam, 1723.
[22] The word “school,” when employed in the strictly modern sense of that term, means an establishment regularly organized for the purpose of giving instruction. Here, however, it is intended to signify simply that certain places, like Cos, Crotona, Cnidus, etc., had become the rendezvous of men who desired to cultivate—some as teachers, others as disciples or pupils—certain branches of knowledge, or certain doctrines. At a later period (third century B. C.) there was established at Alexandria, Egypt, a well-organized school of medicine closely resembling those of modern times.
[23] All of these are translations from the French.
[24] The city of Cnidus was situated very close to the Island of Cos, on a peninsula that projects from the coast of Caria, Asia Minor.
[25] Black bile, it was believed, comes from the spleen, while the yellow variety is a product of the liver.
[26] Daremberg (Hist. de la Méd.) makes the following comments on this sentence: “How many are the occasions when we physicians would have it in our power to avert death, or at least to postpone it for a few hours, if we would only engrave upon our memories these words of the old man of Cos! ‘What a cruel responsibility rests upon those whose duty it is to summon the doctor at the proper moment! And how great must be the remorse if he fails to arrive in time!’ On the other hand, how wise is the remark of Celsus: ‘The best practitioner is he who never loses sight of his patients.’”