[36] Boerhaave, the famous clinician of Leyden, Holland (eighteenth century), was instrumental in having an excellent Latin translation made of this work; and in 1858 a German translation by A. Mann was published in Halle.
[37] Translated from Oeuvres de Rufus d’Éphèse; édition Grecque et Française, par Daremberg et Ruelle, Paris, 1879.
[38] The term “dogmatists” is also employed by some authorities to designate those physicians who laid great stress upon the importance of following the teachings of Hippocrates and Galen.
[39] The majority of the writings of Galen are reported to have been kept, for safe preservation, in the Temple of Peace, near the Forum; and the destruction of this building by fire, during the latter half of the second century, entailed the loss of all these valuable works.
[40] Book VI., Chapter XVII. (page 441 of Vol. I. of Daremberg’s version).
[41] In his Commentaries on the works of Hippocrates (Epidemic Diseases, III., t. XVII. B. § 4) Galen states that he has often observed this to-and-fro movement of the alae nasi in certain cases of illness and that he has interpreted it as indicating the existence of some serious disorder of the respiratory tract. (Daremberg.)
[42] Hippocrates, Herophilus, Erasistratus, Asclepiades, Themison, Celsus, Soranus and Athenaeus. Daremberg calls attention to the fact that, although we possess to-day only a few fragments of the writings of Archigenes, those few are of such a degree of excellence that we may well ask ourselves whether Galen was not perfectly justified in placing such a high estimate as he appears to have done upon the merits of this writer,—and that, too, notwithstanding the unfavorable criticism which he makes in the present paragraph about the author’s failure at times to write with sufficient clearness on medical subjects.
[43] John the Grammarian, whose nativity is not stated by Le Clerc, was at first a simple boatman who ferried back and forth those who attended a school which was located on one of the islands at Alexandria. As a result of his frequent talks with these men, he became enamored with philosophy and decided, notwithstanding his age (forty years), to devote himself entirely to the study of the subject. Accordingly, he sold his boat and attended the lectures regularly, becoming at last an expert in philosophy. He wrote several important treatises and commentaries, some of them dealing with medical topics, and he also made a number of translations from the Greek into Arabic.
[44] Third edition, London, 1726.
[45] Anthemius is also credited with being the inventor of the principle of dome construction in architecture.