Footnotes

[1.] Quoted by Dr. Inge in the Hibbert Journal for Jan. 1910, p. 438 (from “Jesus or Christ,” p. 32). [2.] “Quest,” p. 4. [3.] An order founded in 1776 by Professor Adam Weishaupt of Ingolstadt in Bavaria. Its aim was the furtherance of rational religion as opposed to orthodox dogma; its organisation was largely modelled on that of the Jesuits. At its most flourishing period it numbered over 2000 members, including the rulers of several German States.—Translator. [4.] D. Fr. Strauss, Gespräche von Ulrich von Hutten. Leipzig, 1860. [5.] W. Wrede, Das Messiasgeheimnis in den Evangelien. (The Messianic Secret in the Gospels.) Göttingen, 1901, pp. 280-282. [6.] In the author's usage “the Marcan hypothesis” means the theory that the Gospel of Mark is not only the earliest and most valuable source for the facts, but differs from the other Gospels in embodying a more or less clear and historically intelligible view of the connexion of events. See Chaps. [X.] and [XIV.] below.—Translator. [7.] Dr. Christoph Friedrich von Ammon, Fortbildung des Christentums, Leipzig, 1840, vol. iv. p. 156 ff. [8.] Hase, Geschichte Jesu, Leipzig, 1876, pp. 110-162. The second edition, published in 1891, carries the survey no further than the first. [9.] Das Leben Jesu in seinen neueren Darstellungen, 1892, five lectures. [10.] W. Frantzen, Die “Leben-Jesu” Bewegung seit Strauss, Dorpat, 1898. [11.] Theol. Rundschau, ii. 59-67 (1899); iii. 9-19 (1900). [12.] Von Soden's study, Die wichtigsten Fragen im Leben Jesu, 1904, belongs here only in a very limited sense, since it does not seek to show how the problems have gradually emerged in the various Lives of Jesus. [13.] Hase, Geschichte Jesu, 1876, pp. 112, 113. [14.] Historia Christi persice conscripta simulque multis modis contaminata a Hieronymo Xavier, lat. reddita et animadd, notata a Ludovico de Dieu. Lugd. 1639. [15.] Johann Jakob Hess, Geschichte der drei letzten Lebensjahre Jesu. (History of the Last Three Years of the Life of Jesus.) 3 vols. 1768 ff. [16.] D. F. Strauss, Hermann Samuel Reimarus und seine Schutzschrift für die vernünftigen Verehrer Gottes. (Reimarus and his Apology for the Rational Worshippers of God.) 1862. [17.] The quotations inserted without special introduction are, of course, from Reimarus. It is Dr. Schweitzer's method to lead up by a paragraph of exposition to one of these characteristic phrases.—Translator. [18.] Otto Schmiedel, Die Hauptprobleme der Leben-Jesu-Forschung. Tübingen, 1902. [19.] Döderlein also wrote a defence of Jesus against the Fragmentist: Fragmente und Antifragmente. Nuremberg, 1778. [20.] This is perhaps the place to mention the account of the life of Jesus which is given in the first part of Plank's Geschichte des Christentums. Göttingen, 1818. [21.] Briefe das Studium der Theologie betreffend, 1st ed., 1780-1781; 2nd ed., 1785-1786; Werke, ed. Suphan, vol. x. [22.] A Life of Jesus which is completely dependent on the Commentaries of Paulus is that of Greiling, superintendent at Aschersleben, Das Leben Jesu von Nazareth Ein religiöses Handbuch für Geist und Herz der Freunde Jesu unter den Gebildeten. (The Life of Jesus of Nazareth, a religious Handbook for the Minds and Hearts of the Friends of Jesus among the Cultured.) Halle, 1813. [23.] Paulus prided himself on a very exact acquaintance with the physical and geographical conditions of Palestine. He had a wide knowledge of the literature of Eastern travel.—Translator. [24.] This interpretation, it ought to be remarked, seems to be implied by the ancient reading. “Few things are needful, or one,” given in the margin of the Revised Version.—Translator. [25.] Associations of students, at that time of a political character.—Translator. [26.] The ground of the inference is that, according to this theory, they did not attach much importance to the keeping of the Feasts at Jerusalem. Dr. Schweitzer reminds us in a footnote that a certain want of clearness is due to the fact of this work having been compiled from lecture-notes. [27.]

See Theobald Ziegler, “Zur Biographie von David Friedrich Strauss” (Materials for the Biography of D. F. S.), in the Deutsche Revue, May, June, July 1905. The hitherto unpublished letters to Binder throw some light on the development of Strauss during the formative years before the publication of the Life of Jesus.

Binder, later Director of the Board of Studies at Stuttgart, was the friend who delivered the funeral allocution at the grave of Strauss. This last act of friendship exposed him to enmity and calumny of all kinds. For the text of his short address, see the Deutsche Revue, 1905, p. 107.

He to whom my plaint is
Knows I shed no tear;
She to whom I say this
Feels I have no fear.