Fig. 9.
Stomach, liver, small intestine, etc. (Flint.) 1, inferior surface of the liver; 2, round ligament of the liver; 3, gall-bladder; 4, superior surface of the right lobe of the liver; 5, diaphragm; 6, lower portion of the œsophagus; 7, stomach; 8, gastro-hepatic omentum; 9, spleen; 10, gastro-splenic omentum; 11, duodenum; 12, 12, small intestine; 13, cæcum; 14, appendix vermiformis; 15, 15, transverse colon; 16, sigmoid flexure of the colon; 17, urinary bladder.
Those that have observed the anatomical illustrations of the small intestines must have been struck by their apparently inextricably tangled convolutions. In life, these convolutions are constantly changing their locations, as though they were a mass of worms.
Fig. 10.
The cæcum, dorso-mesial view, showing the ileum-side of the ileo-cæcal valve, and the beginning of the three muscular ribbons. (Gerrish.)
The large intestine begins at the cæcum and extends to the anus, or vent of the intestinal sewer. It is called the colon—the ascending, transverse, and descending colon. It is about five feet in length. Its diameter is the greatest at the cæcum, where it measures, when moderately distended, two and a half to three and a half inches. Beyond the cæcum the diameter is one and two-thirds to two and two-thirds inches, the smallest part being at the upper end of the rectum.
