Knisteneaux.Algonquin.
Good Spirit Ki jai ManitouKi jai Manitou.
Evil SpiritMatchi manitouMatchi-manitou.
Man EthiniInini
Woman EsquoisIch-quois.
Male Nap hew Aquoisi.
FemaleNon-genseNon-gense.
Infant A' wash ish Abi nont-chen.
Head Us ti quoin O'chiti-goine.
Forehead Es caatick O catick.
Hair Wes ty-ky Winessis.
Eyes Es kis och Oskingick.
Nose Oskiwin O'chengewane.
Nostrils Oo tith ee go mowNi-de-ni-guom.
Mouth O toune O tonne.
My teeth Wip pit tah Nibit.
Tongue Otaithani O-tai-na-ni.
Beard Michitoune Omichitonn.
Brain With i tip Aba-e winikan.
Ears O tow ee gie O-ta wagane.
Neck O qui ow O'quoi gan.
Throat O koot tas gy Nigon dagane.
Arms O nisk O nic.
Fingers Che chee Ni nid gines.
Nails Wos kos sia Os-kenge.
Side O's spig gy Opikegan.
My back No pis quan Ni-pi quoini.
My belly Nattay Ni my sat.
Thighs O povam Obouame.
My knees No che quoin noh Ni gui tick.
Legs Nos Ni gatte.
Heart Ok thea Othai.
My father Noo ta wie Nossai.
My mother Nigah wei Nigah.
My boy (son) Negousis Nigouisses.
My girl (daughter) Netanis Nidaniss.
My brother, elder Ni stess Nis-a-yen.
My sister, elder Ne miss Nimisain.
My grandfather Ne moo shum Ni-mi-chomiss.
My grandmother N'o kum No-co-miss.
My uncle N' o'ka miss Ni ni michomen.
My nephew Ne too sim Ne do jim.
My niece Ne too sim esquois Ni-do-jim equois
My mother-in-law Nisigouse Ni sigousiss.
My brother-in-law Nistah Nitah.
My companion Ne wechi wagan Ni-wit-chi-wagan.
My husband Ni nap pem Ni na bem.
Blood Mith coo Misquoi.
Old Man Shi nap Aki win se.
I am angry Ne kis si wash en Nis Katissiwine.
I fear Ne goos tow Nisest guse.
Joy Ne hea tha tom Mamond gikisi.
Hearing Pethom Oda wagan.
Track Mis conna Pemi ka wois.
Chief, great ruler Haukimah Kitchi onodis.
Thief Kismouthesk Ke moutiske.
Excrement Meyee Moui.
Buffalo Moustouche Pichike.
Ferret Sigous Shingouss.
Polecat Shicak Shi kak.
Elk Moustouche Michai woi.
Rein deer Attick Atick.
Fellow deer Attick Wa wasquesh.
Beaver Amisk Amic.
Wolverine Qui qua katch Quin quoagki.
Squirrel Ennequachas Otchi ta mou.
Minx Sa quasue Shaugouch.
Otter Nekick Ni guick.
Wolf Mayegan Maygan.
Hare Wapouce Wapouce.
Marten Wappistan Wabichinse.
Moose Mouswah Monse.
Bear Masqua Macqua.
Fisher Wijask Od-jisck.
Lynx Picheu Pechou.
Porcupine Cau quah Kack.
Fox Mikasew Wagouche.
Musk Rat Wajask Wa-jack.
Mouse Abicushiss Wai wa be gou noge.
Cow Buffalo Noshi Moustouche Nochena pichik.
Meat-flesh Wias Wi-ass.
Dog Atim Ani-mouse.
Eagle Makusue Me-guissis.
Duck Sy Sip Shi-sip.
Crow, Corbeau Ca Cawkeu Ka Kak.
Swan Wapiseu Wa-pe-sy.
Turkey Mee sei thew Mississay.
Pheasants Okes kew Ajack.
Bird Pethesew Pi-na-sy.
Outard Niscag Nic kack.
White Goose Wey Wois Woi wois.
Grey Goose Pestasish Pos ta kisk.
Partridge Pithew Pen ainse.
Water Hen Chiquibish Che qui bis.
Dove Omi Mee O mi-mis.
Eggs We Wah Wa Weni.
Pike or Jack Kenonge Kenonge.
Carp Na may bin Na me bine.
Sturgeon Na May Na Maiu.
White fish Aticaming Aticaming.
Pickerel Oc-chaw Oh-ga.
Fish (in general) Kenonge Ki-cons.
Spawn Waquon Wa quock.
Fins Chi chi kan O nidj-igan.
Trout Nay gouse Na Men Gouse.
Craw Fish A shag gee A cha kens chacque.
Frog Atahick O ma ka ki.
Wasp Ah moo A mon.
Turtle Mikinack Mi-ki-nack.
Snake Kinibick Ki nai bick.
Awl Oscajick Ma-gose.
Needle Saboinigan Sha-bo nigan.
Fire steel Appet Scoutecgan
Fire wood Mich-tah Missane.
Cradle Teckinigan Tickina-gan.
Dagger Ta Comagau Na-ba-ke-gou-man.
Arrow Augusk or Atouche Mettic ka nouins.
Fish Hook Quosquipichican Maneton Miquiscan.
Ax Shegaygan Wagagvette.
Ear-bob Chi-kisebisoun Na be chi be soun
Comb Sicahoun Pin ack wan.
Net Athabe Assap.
Tree Mistick Miti-coum.
Wood Mistick Mitic.
Paddle Aboi Aboui.
Canoe Chiman S-chiman.
Birch Rind Wasquoi Wig nass.
Bark Wasquoi On-na-guege.
Touch Wood Pousagan Sa-ga-tagan.
Leaf Nepeshah Ni-biche.
Grass Masquosi Masquosi.
Raspberries Misqui-meinac Misqui meinac.
Strawberries O'-tai-e minac O'-tai-e minac.
Ashes Pecouch Pengoui.
Fire Scou tay Scou tay.
Grapes Shomenac Shomenac.
Fog Pakishihow A Winni.
Mud Asus ki A Shiski.
Currant Kisijiwin Ki si chi woin.
Road Mescanah Mickanan.
Winter Pipoun Pipone.
Island Ministick Miniss.
Lake Sagayigan Sagayigan.
Sun Pisim Kijis.
Moon Tibisca pesim (the night Sun)Dibic Kijis
Day Kigigah Kigi gatte.
Night Tabisca Dibic kawte.
Snow Counah So qui po.
Rain Kimiwoin Ki mi woini
Drift Pewan Pi-woine.
Hail Shes eagan Me qua mensan.
Ice Mesquaming Me quam.
Frost Aquatin Gas-ga-tin.
Mist Picasyow An-quo-et.
Water Nepec Nipei.
World Messeasky (all the earth)Missi achki.
Mountain Wachee Watchive.
Sea Kitchi kitchi gaming Kitchi kitchi gaming.
Morning Kequishepe Ki-ki-jep.
Mid-day Abetah quisheik Na ock quoi.
Portage Unygam Ouni-gam.
Spring Menouscaming Mino ka ming.
River Sipee Sipi.
Rapid Bawastick Ba wetick.
Rivulet Sepeesis Sipi wes chin.
Sand Thocaw Ne gawe.
Earth Askee Ach ki.
Star Attack Anang.
Thunder Pithuseu Ni mi ki.
Wind Thoutin No tine.
Calm Athawostin A-no-a-tine.
Heat Quishipoi Aboyce.
Evening Ta kashike O'n-a-guche.
North Kywoitin Ke woitinak.
South Sawena woon Sha-wa-na-wang.
East Coshawcastak Wa-ba-no-no-tine.
West Paquisimow Panguis-chi-mo.
Tomorrow Wabank Wa-bang.
Bone Oskann Oc-kann.
Broth Michim waboi Thaboub.
Feast Ma qua see Wi con qui wine.
Grease or oil Pimis Pimi-tais.
Marrow fat Oscan pimis Oska-pimitais.
Sinew Asstis Attiss.
Lodge Wig-waum Wi-gui-wam.
Bed Ne pa win Ne pai wine.
Within Pendog ke Pendig.
Door Squandam Scouandam.
Dish Othagan O' na gann.
Fort Wasgaigan Wa-kuigan.
Sledge Tabanask Otabanac.
Cincture Poquoatehoun Ketche pisou,
Cap Astotin Pe matinang.
Socks Ashican A chi-gan.
Shirt Papackeweyan Pa pa ki weyan.
Coat Papise-co-wagan Papise-co-wa-gan
Blanket Wape weyang Wape weyan.
Cloth Maneto weguin Maneto weguin.
Thread Assabab Assabab.
Garters Chi ki-bisoon Ni gaske-tase besoun.
Mittens Astissack Medjica wine.
Shoes Maskisin Makisin.
Smoking bag Kusquepetagan Kasquepetagan.
Portage sling Apisan Apican,
Strait on Goi ask Goi-ack.
Medicine Mas ki kee Macki-ki.
Red Mes coh Mes-cowa.
Blue Kasqutch (same as black)O-jawes-cowa.
White Wabisca Wabisca.
Yellow Saw waw O-jawa.
Green Chibatiquare O'jawes-cowa.
Brown O'jawes-cowa.
Grey, etc. O'jawes-cowa.
Ugly Mache na gouseu Mous-counu-gouse.
Handsome Catawassiseu Nam bissa.
Beautiful Kissi Sawenogan Quoi Natch.
Deaf Nima petom Ka ki be chai.
Good-natured Mithi washin Onichishin.
Pregnant Paawie And-jioko.
Fat Outhineu Oui-ni-noe.
Big Mushikitee Messha.
Small or little Abisasheu Agu-chin.
Short Chemasish Tackosi.
Skin Wian Wian.
Long Kinwain Kiniwa.
Strong Mascawa |Mache-cawa.
|Mas-cawise.
Coward Sagatahaw Cha-goutai-ye.
Weak Nitha missew Cha-gousi.
Lean Mahta waw Ka wa ca tosa.
Brave Nima Gustaw Son qui taige.
Young man Osquineguish Oskinigui.
Cold Kissin Kissinan.
Hot Kichatai Kicha tai.
Spring Minouscaming Minokaming.
Summer Nibin Nibiqui.
Fall Tagowagonk Tagowag.
One Peyac Pecheik.
Two Nisheu Nige.
Three Nishtou Nis-wois.
Four Neway Ne-au.
Five Ni-annan Na-nan.
Six Negoutawoesic Ni gouta was-wois.
Seven Nish woisic Nigi-was-wois.
Eight Jannanew She was wois.
Nine Shack Shang was wois.
Ten Mitatat Mit-asswois.
Eleven Peyac osap Mitasswois, hachi pecheik.
Twelve Nisheu osap Mitasswois, hachi, nige.
Thirteen Nichtou osap Mitasswois, hachi, niswois.
Fourteen Neway osap Mitasswois, hachi, ne-au.
Fifteen Niannan osap Mitasswois, hachi, nanan.
Sixteen Nigoutawoesic osap Mitasswois, hachi, negoutawaswois.
Seventeen Nish woesic osap Mitasswois, hachi, nigi was-wois.
Eighteen Jannenew osap Mitasgwois, hachi, shiwasswois.
Nineteen Shack osap Mitasswois, hachi, shang as wois.
Twenty Nisheu mitenah Nigeta-nan.
Twenty-one Nishew mitenah peyac osapNigeta nan, hachi, pechic.
Twenty-two, etc. Nisheu mitenah nishew osap
Thirty Nishtou mitenah Niswois mitanan.
Forty Neway mitenah Neau mitanan.
Fifty Niannan mitenah Nanan mitanen.
Sixty Negoutawoisic mitenahNigouta was wois mitanan.
Seventy Nishwoisic mitenah Nigi was wois mitanan.
Eighty Jannaeu mitenah She was wois mitanan.
Ninety Shack mitenah Shang was wois mitanan.
Hundred Mitana mitenan Ningoutwack.
Two hundred Neshew mitena a mitenahNige wack.
One thousand Mitenah mitena mitenah Kitchi-wack.
First Nican Nitam.
Last Squayatch Shaquoiyanke.
More Minah Awa-chi min.
Better Athiwack mithawashin A wachimin o nichi shen.
Best Atniwack mithawashin Kitchi o nichi shin.
I. or me Nitha Nin.
You, or thou Kitha Kin.
They, or them Withawaw Win na wa.
We Nithawaw Nina wa.
My, or mine Nitayen Nida yam.
Your's Kitayan Kitayem.
Who Auoni.
Whom Awoine Kegoi nin.
What Wa
His, or her's Otayan Otayim mis.
All Kakithau Kakenan.
Some, or some few Pey peyac Pe-pichic.
The same Tabescoutch Mi ta yoche.
All the world Missi acki wanque Mishiwai asky.
All the men Kakithaw Ethi nyock Missi Inini wock.
More Mina Mine wa.
Now and then Nannigoutengue.
Sometimes I as-cow-puco
Seldom Wica-ac-ko.
Arrive Ta couchin Ta-gouchin.
Beat Otamaha Packit-ais.
To burn Mistascasoo Icha-quiso.
To sing Nagamoun Nagam.
To cut Kisquishan Qui qui jan.
To hide Catann Caso tawe.
To cover Acquahoun A co na oune.
To believe Taboitam Tai boitam.
To sleep Nepan Ni pann.
To dispute Ke ko mitowock Ki quaidiwine.
To dance Nemaytow Nimic.
To give Mith Mih.
To do Ogitann O-gitoune.
To eat Wissinee Wissiniwin.
To die Nepew Ni po wen.
To forget Winnekiskisew Woi ni mi kaw.
To speak Athimetakcouse Aninntagousse.
To cry (tears) Mantow Ma wi.
To laugh Papew Pa-pe
To set down Nematappe Na matape win.
To walk Pimoutais Pemoussai.
To fall Packisin Panguishin.
To work Ah tus kew Anokeh.
To kill Nipahaw Nishi-woes.
To sell Attawoin Ata wois.
To live Pimatise Pematis.
To see Wabam Wab.
To come Astamoteh Pitta-si-mouss.
Enough Egothigog Mi mi nic.
Cry (tears) Manteau Ambai ma wita.
It hails Shisiagan Sai saigaun.
There is
There is some		 Aya waAya wan
It rains Quimiwoin Qui mi woin.
After to-morrowAwis wabank Awas webang.
To-day Anoutch Non gum.
Thereaway Netoi Awoite.
Much Michett Ni bi wa.
Presently Pichisqua Pitchinac.
Make, heart Quithipeh Wai we be.
This morning Shebas Shai bas.
This night Tibiscag De bi cong.
Above Espiming O kitchiai.
Below Tabassish Ana mai.
Truly Taboiy Ne de wache
Already Sashay Sha shaye.
Yet more Minah Mina wa.
Yesterday Tacoushick Pitchinago.
Far Wathow Wassa.
Near Quishiwoac Paishou.
Never Nima wecatch Ka wi ka.
No Nima Ke wine.
Yes Ah In.
By-and-bye Pa-nima Pa-nima.
Always Ka-ki-kee Ka qui nick
Make haste Quethepeh Niguim.
It's long since Mewaisha Mon wisha.

[1] The similarity between their language and that of the Algonquins is an unequivocal proof that they are the same people. Specimens of their respective tongues will be hereafter given.

[2] They have been called thieves, but when that vice can with justice be attributed to them, it may be traced to their connexion with the civilized people who come into their country to traffic.

[3] It is, however, to be lamented, that of late there is a relaxation of the duties originally attached to these festivals.

SOME ACCOUNT OF THE CHEPEWYAN INDIANS.

They are a numerous people, who consider the country between the parallels of latitude 60. and 65. North, and longitude 100. to 110. West, as their lands or home. They speak a copious language, which is very difficult to be attained, and furnishes dialects to the various emigrant tribes which inhabit the following immense track of country, whose boundary I shall describe.[1] It begins at Churchill, and runs along the line of separation between them and the Knisteneaux, up the Missinipi to the Isle a la Crosse, passing on through the Buffalo Lake, River Lake, and Portage la Loche: from thence it proceeds by the Elk River to the Lake of the Hills, and goes directly West to the Peace River; and up that river to its source and tributary waters; from whence it proceeds to the waters of the river Columbia; and follows that river to latitude 52. 24. North, and longitude 122. 54. West, where the Chepewyans have the Atnah or Chin Nation for their neighbours. It then takes a line due West to the seacoast, within which, the country is possessed by a people who speak their language[2] and are consequently descended from them: there can be no doubt, therefore, of their progress being to the Eastward. A tribe of them is even known at the upper establishments on the Saskatchiwine; and I do not pretend to ascertain how far they may follow the Rocky Mountains to the East.

It is not possible to form any just estimate of their numbers, but it is apparent, nevertheless, that they are by no means proportionate to the vast extent of their territories, which may, in some degree, be attributed to the ravages of the small-pox, which are, more or less, evident throughout this part of the continent.

The notion which these people entertain of the creation, is of a very singular nature. They believe that, at the first, the globe was one vast and entire ocean, inhabited by no living creature, except a mighty bird, whose eyes were fire, whose glances were lightning, and the clapping of whose wings were thunder. On his descent to the ocean, and touching it, the earth instantly arose, and remained on the surface of the waters. This omnipotent bird then called forth all the variety of animals from the earth, except the Chepewyans, who were produced from a dog; and this circumstance occasions their aversion to the flesh of that animal, as well as the people who eat it. This extraordinary tradition proceeds to relate, that the great bird, having finished his work, made an arrow, which was to be preserved with great care, and to remain untouched; but that the Chepewyans were so devoid of understanding, as to carry it away; and the sacrilege so enraged the great bird, that he has never since appeared.

They have also a tradition amongst them, that they originally came from another country, inhabited by very wicked people, and had traversed a great lake, which was narrow, shallow, and full of islands, where they had suffered great misery, it being always winter, with ice and deep snow. At the Copper-Mine River, where they made the first land, the ground was covered with copper, over which a body of earth had since been collected, to the depth of a man's height. They believe, also, that in ancient times their ancestors lived till their feet were worn out with walking, and their throats with eating. They describe a deluge, when the waters spread over the whole earth, except the highest mountains, on the tops of which they preserved themselves.