A solution of 0·00788 grm. of pentamethylenediamine in 100 c.c. of water gave 0·0218 grm. of the dibenzoyl-derivative when shaken with benzoyl chloride (5 c.c.) and 40 c.c. of soda (10 per cent.) and kept for twenty-four hours. In a second experiment with a similar solution only 0·0142 grm. of dibenzoyl-derivative was obtained;[659] hence the process is not a good quantitative process, and, although convenient for isolation, gives, so far as the total amount recovered is concerned, varying results.
[659] Ber., xxi. 2744.
§ 652. The Amines.—The amines are bases originating from ammonia and built on the same type. Those that are interesting as poisons are monamines, diamines, and the quaternary ammonium bases.
Considered as compound ammonias, the amines are divided into primary or amide bases, secondary or imid bases, and tertiary or nitrile bases, according as to whether one, two, or three atoms of hydrogen have been displaced from the ammonia molecule by an alkyl; for instance, methylamine NH2CH3 is a primary or amide base, because only one of the three atoms of H in NH3 has been replaced by methyl; similarly, dimethylamine is a secondary or imid base, and trimethylamine is a tertiary or nitrile base.
The quaternary bases are derived from the hypothetical ammonium hydroxide NH4OH, as, for example, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (C2H5)4N,OH.
The diamines are derived from two molecules of NH, and therefore contain, instead of one molecule of nitrogen, two molecules of nitrogen; in two molecules of ammonia there are six atoms of hydrogen, two, four, or six of which may be replaced by alkyls; as, for example,
| Ethylenediamine. | Diethylenediamine. | Triethylenediamine. |