PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY.
CHAPTER I
| The Pioneers of Physical Anthropology | [6]-[27] |
Definition of the word “Anthropology.” Fundamental conceptions. Race discrimination: in Bushman paintings, in the art of ancient Egypt, Assyria, etc., in Vedic literature. Hippocrates. Aristotle. Vesalius. Spigel. Tyson. Pygmies. Linnæus. Buffon. Blumenbach. Monsters and Wild Men.
CHAPTER II.
| The Systematisers of Physical Anthropology | [28]-[49] |
Craniology: Blumenbach, the founder of Craniology. Camper and the facial angel. Various early craniologists. Retzius and the Cephalic Index. Grattan. Broca. Topinard. De Quatrefages. Virchow. Sergi. Hagen’s and Macalister’s criticisms of craniometry. Anthropometry: White and others. Measurements and observations of living populations: Beddoe. Virchow. Methods of dealing with anthropometrical data: Indices. Averages. Seriations. Curves. Mathematical treatment: Quetelet. Galton. Karl Pearson. Scientific and practical value of anthropometry: In the origin and differentiation of man. Racial history. Heredity. Galton. Miscegenation. The effect of the environment. Test of physical fitness. Identification of criminals. Bertillon. Galton.
CHAPTER III.
| Anthropological Controversies | [50]-[69] |
Origin of man. Polygenism and Monogenism. Lawrence. Lord Monboddo. Lamarck. Cuvier. Étienne Saint-Hilaire. Robert Chambers: Vestiges of Creation. Herbert Spencer. Darwin: Origin of Species. The negro’s place in nature. James Hunt.