dying out and replacement of, [409]

preservation of, in islands, [410]

Specific areas, [14]; discontinuous, [64]

Spiranthes romanzoviana, [364]

Spitzbergen, Miocene flora of, [184]

absence of boulder-beds in, [187]

Spruce, Dr. Richard, on the dispersion of hepaticæ, [309]

Stability of extreme glacial conditions, [159]

Stainton, Mr. H. T., on peculiar British moths, [346]-[350]

Stanivoi mountains, why not ice-clad, [154]