[The Agricultural Services of the Monks.]

[The Monks and Secular Learning.]

[The Charity of the Monks.]

[Monasticism and Religion.]

[APPENDIX.]

[INDEX.]

LIST OF PORTRAITS

SAINT FRANCIS OF ASSISI, DYING, is CONVEYED TO THE
CHURCH OF SAINTE MARIE DE PORTIUNCULE, . . . . facing title.
After the painting by J.J. Weerts. Originally published by
Goupil & Co. of Paris, and here reproduced by their permission.
[Jean Joseph Weerts was born at Roubaix (Nord), on May 1, 1847. He was a pupil of
Cabanel, Mils and Pils. He was awarded the second-class medal in 1875, was made
Chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1884, received the silver medal at the Universal
Exposition of 1889, and was created an Officer of the Legion of Honor in 1897. He is a
member of the "Société des Artistes Français," and is hors concours.]
[SAINT BERNARD]
After an engraving by Ambroise Tardieu, from a painting on glass
in the Convent of the R.P. Minimes, at Rheims.
[Ambroise Tardieu was born in Paris, in 1790, and died in 1837. He was an engraver
of portraits, landscapes and architecture, and a clever manipulator of the burin. For a
time he held the position of "Geographical Engraver" to the Departments of Marine,
Fortifications and Forests. He was a member of the French Geographical and Mathematical
Societies.]--Nagler.
[SAINT DOMINIC]
From a photograph of Bozzani's painting, preserved in his cell at
Santa Sabina, Rome. Here reproduced from Augusta T. Drane's
"History of St. Dominic," by courtesy of the author and the publishers,
Longmans, Green & Co., of London and New York.
["Although several so-called portraits (of St. Dominic) are preserved, yet none of them
can be regarded as the vera effigies of the saint, though that preserved at Santa Sabina
probably presents us with a kind of traditionary likeness.">[--History of St. Dominic.
[In the "History of St. Dominic," on page 226, the author credits the portrait shown
to "Bozzani." We are unable to find any record of a painter by that name. Nagler,
however, tells of a painter of portraits and historical subjects, Carlo Bozzoni by name,
who was born in 1607 and died in 1657. He was a son of Luciano Bozzoni, a Genoese
painter and engraver. He is said to have done good work, but no other mention is made
of him.]
[IGNATIUS DE LOYOLA]
After the engraving by Greatbach, "from a scarce print by H.
Wierz." Originally published by Richard Bentley, London, in 1842.
[W. Greatbach was a London engraver in the first half of the nineteenth century. He
worked chiefly for the "calendars" and "annuals" of his time, and did notable work
for the general book trade of the better class.]
[A search of the authorities does not reveal an engraver named "H. Wierz." This
is probably intended for Hieronymus Wierex (or Wierix, according to Bryant), a famous
engraver, born in 1552, and who is credited by Nagler, in his "Künstler-Lexikon,"
with having produced "a beautiful and rare plate" of "St. Ignaz von Loyola." The
error, if such it be, is easily explained by the fact that portrait engravers seldom cut the
lettering of a plate themselves, but have it engraved by others, who have a special aptitude
for making shapely letters.]