CONTENTS

PAGE
LIST OF PLATES [xi]
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTORY
Geography. Botany: bush-fire. Climate. Fauna: beasts, birds, fish, insects, [1]
CHAPTER II
INHABITANTS
Classification of tribes. Physical characters. Keloids and tribal marks. Ear ornaments. Tooth-chipping. Hair, [24]
CHAPTER III
RELIGION AND MAGIC—I
Ancestor-worship. Offerings. Mulungu. Mpambe. Chitowe. Evil spirits. Spirits of the dead. Dreams. Morality, [46]
CHAPTER IV
RELIGION AND MAGIC—II
Creation. Origin of death. Lake Nyasa. Rain-making. Charms. Witchcraft. Lycanthropy, Divination. Food tabus. Dances, [70]
CHAPTER V
NATIVE LIFE—I. CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH
Villages. Huts. Birth. Naming. Dress. Childhood’s rights. Games. Plastic art-work. Daily life, [99]
CHAPTER VI
NATIVE LIFE—II
Initiation. Marriage. Division of labour. Meals. Food. Hut-building. The bwalo. Affection, [123]
CHAPTER VII
FUNERAL RITES
Wailing and mourning. The grave. Inheritance. The cause of death. Ordeal, [154]
CHAPTER VIII
ARTS, INDUSTRIES, ETC.
Agriculture: Maize, tobacco, gardens, etc. Hunting, trapping. Ant-catching. Fishing. Weaving. Basket-making. Bark cloth. Ironwork. Wood-carving. Pottery. Salt, [176]
CHAPTER IX
LANGUAGE AND ORAL LITERATURE
Structure of the Bantu languages. Riddles. Songs. Music and dancing. Story-telling, [208]
CHAPTER X
FOLK-STORIES
Methods of story-telling. Animal stories. Brer Rabbit. Borrowed tales. Value of native folk-lore, [230]
CHAPTER XI
TRIBAL ORGANISATION, GOVERNMENT, ETC.
Totemistic clans. Kinship counted through women. The paramount chief: his powers. Succession to the chieftainship. Administration of justice. Crime and punishment. Slavery, [252]
CHAPTER XII
TRADITIONS AND HISTORY
Probable origin of the Yaos. The Makalanga. Undi. Migrations of the Angoni. The Tambuka, [276]
BIBLIOGRAPHY, [288]
ADDENDA, [289]
GLOSSARY, [292]
INDEX, [295]

ERRATA

Page[42],line 23, for fourth, read first.
”[100],line 12. The illustration referred to has not been included in the volume, but the same type of square house may be seen in [Plate 16].
”[192],last line. This illustration has not been included.
”[199],last line, for Pl. 23, read Pl. 18.

LIST OF PLATES

PLATE
I. Women carrying water-jars, Chiromo, [Frontispiece]
II. Carriers resting in the Bush, facing page [9]
III. Chingomanje Stream, Mlanje, ” [16]
IV. Hut built on platform as a defence against lions, ” [18]
V. Two Yao women, ” [32]
VI. Group of Anguru, ” [33]
VII. A Mnguru, showing keloids, ” [39]
VIII. Fashions in tooth-chipping, ” [42]
IX. (1) Exceptional coiffure of Mngoni, } ” [44]
(2) Women making porridge, }
X. The Progress of Civilisation! ” [45]
XI. Tree with offerings, Ndirande Mountain, ” [50]
XII. (1) Women on Likoma Island, } ” [105]
(2) A Makua family, }
XIII. (1) Mchombwa game, } ” [113]
(2) Nyanja ball-game, }
XIV. (1) Boys digging out field-mice, } ” [120]
(2) Caught, }
(3) Roasting, }
(4) Eating, }
XV. (1) Boy extracting jigger from a companion’s foot, } ” [122]
(2) Herd-boys cooking their midday meal, }
XVI. Women pounding maize in Yao village, ” [135]
XVII. Two men eating, ” [137]
XVIII. Gang of Angoni at Mandala, ” [138]
XIX. Nguru hut, ” [139]
XX. Grinding snuff, ” [178]
XXI. Women weeding maize-garden, ” [181]
XXII. Women carrying baskets of maize, ” [185]
XXIII. Boy with bow, ” [187]
XXIV. Canoes at Liwonde’s, ” [194]
XXV. (1) Mat-making, } ” [196]
(2) Native loom, }
XXVI. Making mtanga basket, ” [198]
XXVII. Boy with crate of fowls, ” [199]
XXVIII. Knives and ‘Angoni handkerchief,’ ” [203]
XXIX. The ‘Dancing-man,’ ” [221]
XXX. Musical instruments, ” [222]
XXXI. Preparing for the dance, ” [226]
XXXII. Angoni warriors, ” [278]