Change the following simple sentences into complex sentences by expanding the participial phrases into clauses.
The vessels carrying the blood from the heart are called arteries. The book prized above all other books is the Bible. Rivers rising west of the Rocky Mts. flow into the Pacific ocean. The guns fired at Concord were heard around the world.
+To the Teacher+.—For additional composition exercises with particular reference to adjective clauses, see Notes, p. 177.
LESSON 59.
COMPLEX SENTENCES.
THE ADVERB CLAUSE.
+Hints for Oral Instruction+.—You learned in Lesson 83 that an adverb can be expanded into an equivalent phrase; as, The book was carefully read = The book was read with care.
We shall now learn that a phrase used as an adverb may be expanded into an +Adverb clause+. In the sentence, We started at sunrise, what phrase is used like an adverb? +P+.—At sunrise. +T+.—Expand this phrase into an equivalent clause, and give me the entire sentence. +P+.—We started when the sun rose.
+T+.—You see that the phrase, at sunrise, and the clause, when the sun rose, both modify started, telling the time of starting, and are therefore equivalent to adverbs. We will then call such clauses +Adverb Clauses+.
Analysis and Parsing.