35. What determines when a corporation's existence commences?

36. Define estoppel.

37. Give an example of a corporation estoppel from denying its corporate existence.

38. Are third persons ever estopped from denying a corporation's legal existence? If so, give an example.

39. Is a corporation's charter a contract?

40. If a corporation's charter is a contract, who are the contracting parties?

41. At the present time can a corporation obtain an irrevocable charter?

42. Define de facto corporation.

43. Define de jure corporation.