PENNSYLVANIA.
Pennsylvania has eleven State Normal Schools, the two most important of which I was able to visit. The Normal School Law for this State provides for two courses of study; the Elementary Course and the Scientific Course. The first of these leads to the certificate Bachelor of the Element (B.E.), while the diploma of the second constitutes its holder Bachelor of the Sciences (B.S.).
The outlines of these courses are laid down by the State as follows, but each Normal School can adapt them as seems best. Most Normal Schools also arrange for a Preparatory Course.
Elementary Course.—Junior Year.
Pedagogics.—Elements of School Management and Methods.
Language.—Orthography and Reading; English Grammar, including Composition; Latin, sufficient for the introduction of Cæsar.
Mathematics.—Arithmetic; Elementary Algebra.
Natural Sciences.—Physiology and Hygiene.
Historical Sciences.—Geography—Physical, Mathematical, and Political; History of the United States; Civil Government.
The Arts.—Penmanship, sufficient to be able to explain some approved system—writing to be submitted to Board of Examiners; Drawing, a daily exercise for at least twenty-eight weeks—work to be submitted to the Board of Examiners; Book-keeping, single entry, seven weeks; Vocal music, elementary principles, and attendance upon daily exercises for at least one-third of a year.