| Centigr. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Fusible below a red heat. | Mercury | -39 | ° | |||||
| Potassium | +58 | ° | - | Gay Lussac and Thenard. | |||||
| Sodium | 90 | ||||||||
| Tin | 210 | - | Newton. | ||||||
| Bismuth | 256 | ||||||||
| Lead | 260 | Biot. | |||||||
| Tellurium | A little less fusible than lead.—Klaproth. | ||||||||
| Arsenic | Undetermined. | ||||||||
| Zinc | 370 | ° | Brongniart. | ||||||
| Antimony | A little below a red heat. | ||||||||
| Cadmium | Stromeyer. | ||||||||
| Pyrometer of Wedgewood. | |||||||||
| 2. | Infusible below a red heat. | Silver | 20 | ° | Kennedy. | ||||
| Copper | 27 | - | Wedgewood. | ||||||
| Gold | 32 | ||||||||
| Cobalt | A little less difficult to melt than iron. | ||||||||
| Iron | - | 130 | Wedgewood. | ||||||
| 158 | Sir G. M’Kenzie. | ||||||||
| Manganese | 160 | Guyton. | |||||||
| Nickel | As manganese.—Richter. | ||||||||
| Palladium | - | Nearly infusible; and to be obtained at a forge heat only in small buttons. | |||||||
| Molybdenum | |||||||||
| Uranium | |||||||||
| Tungsten | |||||||||
| Chromium | |||||||||
| Titanium | - | Infusible at the forge furnace. Fusible at the oxyhydrogen blowpipe. See [Blowpipe]. | |||||||
| Cerium | |||||||||
| Osmium | |||||||||
| Iridium | |||||||||
| Rhodium | |||||||||
| Platinum | |||||||||
| Columbium | |||||||||
FUSIBLE METAL. See [Alloy].
FUSTET. (Fustec, Fr.) The wood of the rhus cotinus, a fugitive yellow dye.
FUSTIAN, is a species of coarse thick tweelled cotton, and is generally dyed of an olive, leaden, or other dark colour. Besides the common fustian, which is known by the name of pillow (probably pilaw), the cotton stuffs called corduroy, velverett, velveteen, thicksett, used for men’s wearing apparel, belong to the same fabric. The commonest kind is merely a tweel of four, or sometimes five leaves, of a very close stout texture, and very narrow, seldom exceeding 17 or 18 inches in breadth. It is cut from the loom in half pieces, or ends as they are usually termed, about 35 yards long, and after undergoing the subsequent operations of dyeing, dressing, and folding, is ready for the market.
The draught and cording of common fustian is very simple, being generally a regular or unbroken tweel of four or five leaves. Below are specimens of a few different kinds, selected from those most general in Lancashire.
The number of leaves of heddles are represented by the lines across the paper, and the cording by the cyphers in the little squares, those which raise every leaf being distinguished by these marks, and those which sink them left blank, as more particularly explained in the article [Textile Fabric].
Of velvet, there are properly only two kinds, that with a plain, and that with a tweeled, or, as it is here called, a Genoa ground, or back. When the material is silk, it is called velvet, when cotton, velveteen; and this is the sole difference. In the same way a common tweeled cloth, when composed of silk is called satin; when of cotton, fustian or jean; of woollen, plaiding, serge, or kerseymere; and in the linen trade is distinguished by a variety of names according to the quality or fineness, or the place where the article is manufactured.
| No. 1.—Pillow Fustian. | No. 2.—Plain Velveret. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 4 | 5 | 1 | § | 0 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 3 | 6 | 2 | § | 0 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 6 | 2 | 3 | § | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 5 | 1 | 4 | § | 0 | 6 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Of the above, each contains four leaves of heddles or healds; that represented by No. 1. is wrought by four treddles, and that which is distinguished by No. 2. by five; the succession of inserting the threads of warp into the heddles will be discovered by the figures between the lines, and the order in which the treddles are to be successively pressed down by the figures below.