Among interesting sidelights upon the economic and social results of this extension of land and cattle is the remark of Bradford:[[31]] “Some looked for building great houses, and such pleasant situations for them as themselves had fancied, as if they would be great men and rich all of a suddaine; but they proved castles in air.” Within a short time, however, with the rapid increase of children and the need of more pasturage for the cattle, many of the leading men and women drifted away from the original confines of Plymouth towards Duxbury, Marshfield, Scituate, Bridgewater and Eastham. Agriculture became their primal concern, with the allied pursuits of fishing, hunting and trading with the Indians and white settlements that were made on Cape Cod and along the Kennebec.
Soon after 1630 the families of Captain Standish, John Alden, and Jonathan Brewster (who had married the sister of John Oldham), Thomas Prence and Edward Winslow were settled on large farms in Duxbury and Marshfield. This loss to the Plymouth settlement was deplored by Bradford both for its social and religious results. April 2, 1632,[[32]] a pledge was taken by Alden, Standish, Prence, and Jonathan Brewster that they would “remove their families to live in the towne in the winter-time that they may the better repair to the service of God.” Such arrangement did not long continue, however, for in 1633 a church was established at Duxbury and the Plymouth members who lived there “were dismiste though very unwillingly.”[[33]] Later the families of Francis Eaton, Peter Brown and George Soule joined the Duxbury colony. Hobomok, ever faithful to Captain Standish had a wigwam near his master’s home until, in his old age, he was removed to the Standish house, where he died in 1642.
The women who had come in the earlier ships and had lived close to neighbors at Plymouth must have had lonely hours on their farms in spite of large families and many tasks. Wolves and other wild animals were sometimes near, for traps for them were decreed and allotted. Chance Indians prowled about and the stoutest hearts must have quailed when some of the recorded hurricanes and storms of 1635 and 1638 uncovered houses, felled trees and corn. In the main, however, there was peace and many of the families became prosperous; we find evidence in their wills, several of which have been deciphered from the original records by George Ernest Bowman, editor of the “Mayflower Descendant,”[[34]] issued quarterly. By the aid of such records and a few family heirlooms of unquestioned genuineness, it is possible to suggest some individual silhouettes of the women of early Plymouth, in addition to the glimpses of their communal life.
[12]. Mourt’s Relation.
[13]. Mourt’s Relation.
[14]. Mourt’s Relation.
[15]. Winslow’s Narration.
[16]. Relation of the Manners, Customs, etc., of the Indians.
[17]. Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation, Bk. II.