Verb Suffixes.

-el or -le gives a frequentative meaning to the verb; waddle (from wade), startle, sparkle, dazzle (from daze), dribble (from drip), swaddle (from swathe), dapple (from dip), crawl, kneel (from knee), struggle, mingle, hurtle.

-en denotes making or doing; fatten, broaden, soften, open (from up), lighten, sadden, gladden, sweeten, frighten, lengthen.

-er, also frequentative; glimmer, stagger, patter, flitter, flutter, wander, batter, sputter, stutter.

-k, also frequentative; stalk (from steal), hark (from hear), walk.

Adverb Suffixes.

-ere denotes place in which; here, there, where.

-es, -se, -ce, -s, which are old (possessive) genitive terminations; sometimes, besides, unawares, else, twice (= twiës), thrice, hence, thence, whence, needs, outwards.

-ly denotes manner; sweetly, sadly, cleanly.

-ther denotes direction towards; hither, thither, whither.