-wise, manner: crosswise, otherwise.
-ward, direction: hitherward.
Latin (and French) Suffixes.
Latin Suffixes, alike numerous and important, have in perhaps the majority of cases taken on a French form. For although, prior to the Norman Conquest, English had been but slightly influenced from foreign sources, yet Norman French, the language of the Conquerors, survived long enough to produce an impression on the language of England.
Noun Suffixes.—The most important of these are:—
-acy, -cy, rank, office, state: abbacy, bankruptcy, captaincy, magistracy, papacy, tenancy.
-ade, state, place of or for: blockade, collonade, promenade, serenade.
-age, makes an abstract or collective noun, act, state: beverage, bondage, courage, homage, marriage, tonnage, vintage, cordage, hermitage, plumage, village.
-al, pertaining to, possessing, act of: animal (anima = breath of life), canal, cardinal, hospital, withdrawal.
-an, belonging to: American, artisan, Christian, librarian, pagan, publican, chaplain, captain.