3d. This powder is mixed into a rather stiff paste, more water is added, and when a certain quantity of sand is added becomes mortar, and may be used for cementing bricks together.
Concrete is made by mixing gravel, sand, and ground unslaked lime together with water; it is used for foundations, and filling in apertures requiring strength and firmness.
Iron is used by the builder in two different states, as cast iron and wrought iron; the girders for supporting roofs and walls are mostly cast in moulds ([see Iron Founder]), though both these and other parts of the ironwork used in building, are frequently of iron wrought by hand.
Lead is used by the mason for securing and coating the iron clamps which hold the blocks of stone together; it is also used in the plumbers’ work of a house ([see Plumber]).
Zinc is used in the manufacture of gutters, pipes, and portions of roofs.
Trowel.
The excavator having dug out the space where the foundation of the house is to be laid, the work of the bricklayer begins, and his tools are the trowel, to take up and spread the mortar, and cut bricks by a sharp blow to the requisite length; then there are the brick axe or hammer, for shaping the bricks to a level; the tin saw for making an incision on bricks to be cut with the axe; the rubbing stone on which to rub the bricks smooth in the parts where they have been cut, and the mortar rake and shovel, for mixing the mortar and cement.
Mortar Rake. Crowbar. Shovel. Brick Hammer. Pickaxe.