“The wise and active conquer difficulties,
By daring to attempt them. Sloth and folly
Shiver and shrink at sight of toil and hazard,
And make th’ impossibility they fear.”
LIST OF TOOLS NECESSARY FOR TURNING.
| Gouges. | Screw-driver. |
| Chisels. | Pincers. |
| Scrapers. | Compasses. |
| Side tools. | Rule. |
| Point tools. | Callipers. |
| Moulding tools. | T square. |
| Inside tools. | Brace and Bits. |
| Planes. | Screw tools. |
| Drills. | Milling tools. |
| Hatchet. | Oil-can. |
| Mallet. | Glue-pot. |
| Hammer. | Sand Paper. |
| Files. | Chalk. |
| Vice. | Glue. |
| Hand Vice. | Isinglass. |
| Gimlets. | Pumice Stone. |
| Saws. | Nails. |
THE
TURNER’S COMPANION.
The machines used for Turning, whether round or oval objects, are called Lathes; they are of various shapes and sizes; some very small, as those generally used by watchmakers; others very large and powerful, for turning iron; and others, the kind I am going to describe, of a middling size, for fashioning wood and ivory. The large lathes, being too heavy to be worked with the foot, are usually turned by a steam-engine, but the foot-lathe is the most convenient for the turner in wood; it may be made of iron or wood: if of the latter, it should be constructed entirely of very hard, well-seasoned oak, or of mahogany. There are various opinions respecting the advantages and disadvantages of metallic and wooden lathes; in the former, it is impossible to obviate an elastic tremor, which is unpleasant and injurious; but then, on the other hand, they are so much more durable and compact; and they enable you to perform your work with so much more accuracy and exactitude, that they are, on the whole, perhaps, to be preferred. The drawing given in [Plate 1] will serve as a pattern for either an iron or a wooden lathe; but as the workman could construct the latter for himself, we will suppose the description we are about to give relates to a wooden one.
The bed of the lathe, B B, may be of any length required, and is firmly fastened with bolts to the uprights O O, which form the legs of the lathe, and to which the bed is strongly attached by bolts passing through both; while the nuts that draw them tight, being what is called countersunk, are of no inconvenience to the workman. The feet and the two uprights must also be firmly fastened to the legs O O; and to prevent the least unsteadiness or motion, they must be screwed strongly to the floor, and must be of a sufficient size to form a solid support to the lathe.