[Trancriber's note: The following table has been split into four sections ease reading]
TABLE of the binary Combinations of Oxygen with simple Substances
| Combinations of oxygen with simple non-metallic substances. | Names of the simple substances. | First degree of oxygenation. | |
| New Names. | Ancient Names. | ||
| Caloric | Oxygen gas | Vital or dephlogisticated air | |
| Hydrogen. | Water(A). | ||
| Azote | Nitrous oxyd, or base of nitrous gas | Nitrous gas or air | |
| Charcoal | Oxyd of charcoal, or carbonic oxyd | Unknown | |
| Sulphur | Oxyd of sulphur | Soft sulphur | |
| Phosphorus | Oxyd of phosphorus {Residuum from the combustion of phosphorus | ||
| Muriatic radical | Muriatic oxyd | Unknown | |
| Fluoric radical | Fluoric oxyd | Unknown | |
| Boracic radical | Boracic oxyd | Unknown | |
| Combinations of oxygen with the simple metallic substances. | Antimony | Grey oxyd of antimony | Grey calx of antimony |
| Silver | Oxyd of silver | Calx of silver | |
| Arsenic | Grey oxyd of arsenic | Grey calx of arsenic | |
| Bismuth | Grey oxyd of bismuth | Grey calx of bismuth | |
| Cobalt | Grey oxyd of cobalt | Grey calx of cobalt | |
| Copper | Brown oxyd of copper | Brown calx of copper | |
| Tin | Grey oxyd of tin | Grey calx of tin | |
| Iron | Black oxyd of iron | Martial ethiops | |
| Manganese | Black oxyd of manganese | Black calx of manganese | |
| Mercury | Black oxyd of mercury | Ethiops mineral(B) | |
| Molybdena | Oxyd of molybdena | Calx of molybdena | |
| Nickel | Oxyd of nickel | Calx of nickel | |
| Gold | Yellow oxyd of gold | Yellow calx of gold | |
| Platina | Yellow oxyd of platina | Yellow calx of platina | |
| Lead | Grey oxyd of lead | Grey calx of lead | |
| Tungstein | Oxyd of Tungstein | Calx of Tungstein | |
| Zinc | Grey oxyd of zinc | Grey calx of zinc | |
| Combinations of oxygen with simple non-metallic substances. | Names of the simple substances. | Second degree of oxygenation. | |
| New Names. | Ancient Names. | ||
| Caloric | |||
| Hydrogen. | |||
| Azote | Nitrous acid | Smoaking nitrous acid | |
| Charcoal | Carbonous acid | Unknown | |
| Sulphur | Sulphurous acid | Sulphureous acid | |
| Phosphorus | Phosphorous acid | Volatile acid of phosphorus | |
| Muriatic radical | Muriatous acid | Unknown | |
| Fluoric radical | Fluorous acid | Unknown | |
| Boracic radical | Boracous acid | Unknown | |
| Combinations of oxygen with the simple metallic substances. | Antimony | White oxyd of antimony | White calx of antimony, diaphoretic antimony |
| Silver | |||
| Arsenic | White oxyd of arsenic | White calx of arsenic | |
| Bismuth | White oxyd of bismuth | White calx of bismuth | |
| Cobalt | |||
| Copper | Blue and green oxyds of copper | Blue and green calces of copper | |
| Tin | White oxyd of tin | White calx of tin, or putty of tin | |
| Iron | Yellow and red oxyds of iron | Ochre and rust of iron | |
| Manganese | White oxyd of manganese | White calx of manganese | |
| Mercury | Yellow and red oxyds of mercury | Turbith mineral, red precipitate, calcinated mercury, precipitate per se | |
| Molybdena | |||
| Nickel | |||
| Gold | Red oxyd of gold | Red calx of gold, purple precipitate of cassius | |
| Platina | |||
| Lead | Yellow and red oxyds of lead | Massicot and minium | |
| Tungstein | |||
| Zinc | White oxyd of zinc | White calx of zinc, pompholix | |
| Combinations of oxygen with simple non-metallic substances. | Names of the simple substances. | Third degree of oxygenation. | |
| New Names. | Ancient Names. | ||
| Caloric | |||
| Hydrogen. | |||
| Azote | Nitric acid | Pale, or not smoaking nitrous acid | |
| Charcoal | Carbonic acid | Fixed air | |
| Sulphur | Sulphuric acid | Vitriolic acid | |
| Phosphorus | Phosphoric acid | Phosphoric acid | |
| Muriatic radical | Muriatic acid | Marine acid | |
| Fluoric radical | Fluoric acid | Unknown till lately | |
| Boracic radical | Boracic acid | Homberg's sedative salt | |
| Combinations of oxygen with the simple metallic substances. | Antimony | Antimonic acid | |
| Silver | Argentic acid | ||
| Arsenic | Arseniac acid | Acid of arsenic | |
| Bismuth | Bismuthic acid | ||
| Cobalt | Cobaltic acid | ||
| Copper | Cupric acid | ||
| Tin | Stannic acid | ||
| Iron | Ferric acid | ||
| Manganese | Manganesic acid | ||
| Mercury | Mercuric acid | ||
| Molybdena | Molybdic acid | Acid of molybdena | |
| Nickel | Nickelic acid | ||
| Gold | Auric acid | ||
| Platina | Platinic acid | ||
| Lead | Plumbic acid | ||
| Tungstein | Tungstic acid | Acid of Tungstein | |
| Zinc | Zincic acid | ||
| Combinations of oxygen with simple non-metallic substances. | Names of the simple substances. | Fourth degree of oxygenation. | |
| New Names. | Ancient Names. | ||
| Caloric | |||
| Hydrogen. | |||
| Azote | Oxygenated nitric | Unknown acid | |
| Charcoal | Oxygenated carbonic acid | Unknown | |
| Sulphur | Oxygenated sulphuric acid | Unknown | |
| Phosphorus | Oxygenated phosphoric acid | Unknown | |
| Muriatic radical | Oxygenated muriatic acid | Dephlogisticated marine acid | |
| Fluoric radical | |||
| Boracic radical | |||
| Combinations of oxygen with the simple metallic substances. | Antimony | ||
| Silver | |||
| Arsenic | Oxygenated arseniac acid | Unknown | |
| Bismuth | |||
| Cobalt | |||
| Copper | |||
| Tin | |||
| Iron | |||
| Manganese | |||
| Mercury | |||
| Molybdena | Oxygenated molybdic acid | Unknown | |
| Nickel | |||
| Gold | |||
| Platina | |||
| Lead | |||
| Tungstein | Oxygenated Tungstic acid | Unknown | |
| Zinc | |||
[Note A: Only one degree of oxygenation of hydrogen is hitherto known.—A.]
[Note B: Ethiops mineral is the sulphuret of mercury; this should have been called black precipitate of mercury.—E.]
Sect. IV.—Observations upon the Combinations of Oxygen with the simple Substances.
Oxygen forms almost a third of the mass of our atmosphere, and is consequently one of the most plentiful substances in nature. All the animals and vegetables live and grow in this immense magazine of oxygen gas, and from it we procure the greatest part of what we employ in experiments. So great is the reciprocal affinity between this element and other substances, that we cannot procure it disengaged from all combination. In the atmosphere it is united with caloric, in the state of oxygen gas, and this again is mixed with about two thirds of its weight of azotic gas.