Extract of Aspar′agus. Syn. Extractum asparagi, L. Prep. 1. (Soubeiran.) From the expressed juice of the shoots, clarified and evaporated by a gentle heat.
2. From the juice of the roots, as No. 1. Both are diuretic.—Dose, 15 gr. to 1⁄2 dr., or more.
Extract of Bael. Syn. Extractum belæ liquidum, L. B. P. Bael, 1; distilled water, 15; rectified spirit, 1⁄8; macerate for 12 hours in 5 of the water, pour off the liquid, repeat the operation twice for 1 hour; press, filter, and evaporate to 1, including the spirit. A fluid ounce is equal to a solid ounce.—Dose, 1 to 2 dr.
Extract of Balsam Apple. Syn. Extractum balsamimæ. The inspissated juice of the balsam apple.—Dose, 5 to 15 drops in dropsy.
Extract of Bark. See Extract of Cinchona.
Extract of Belladon′na. Syn. Extract of deadly nightshade, Inspissated juice of belladonna; Extractum belladonnæ (B. P., Ph. L. E. & D.), Succus spissatus belladonnæ, L. Prep. 1. (B. P.) Take 112 lbs. of fresh leaves and tender branches, bruise in a stone mortar or other suitable apparatus, and press out the juice, heat it gradually to 130° F., separate the green colouring matter by a calico filter, heat the strained liquor to 200° F. to coagulate the albumen, and again filter; evaporate the filtrate by a water bath to the consistence of a thin syrup, then add to it the green colouring matter previously separated, and, stirring the whole together assiduously, continue the evaporation at a temperature not exceeding 140°, until the extract is of a suitable consistence for forming pills.—Dose, 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 gr., gradually increased to 1 or 2 gr.
2. (Ph. E.) Express the juice from the bruised fresh plant, sprinkle the ‘marc’ with water, and again apply pressure; mix the expressed liquids, filter them, and evaporate the filtered liquor in a vapour bath to the consistence of an extract.
3. (Ph. D.) From the leaves, collected when the plant begins to flower. The expressed juice is allowed to stand for 24 hours, and the clear portion is decanted; the sediment is placed on a calico filter, washed with an equal bulk of cold water, and the filtrate mixed with the expressed juice. The mixed liquid is next heated in a water bath, to coagulate its albumen, and after being skimmed, and filtered through flannel whilst hot, the washed sediment is added, and the whole evaporated, as before.
4. (Ph. U. S.) The expressed juice is heated to the boiling-point, filtered and evaporated (see below).
Obs. The P. Cod. directs this extract to be made by two different formulæ. The product of the one resembles that of the Ph. L.; that of the other, that of the Ph. E. That of the Ph. L., from retaining the fecula, is the weakest preparation.—Dose, 1⁄2 gr. to 1 gr., gradually increased to 3 or 4 gr.; as an anodyne in neuralgia, tic-douloureux, &c.; as an antispasmodic to relieve rigidity and spasms, in various affections of the uterus, rectum, urethra, bladder, &c., and in hooping-cough; in various maladies of the eyes; and as a resolvent and discutient in several glandular diseases. It