FLÖHEMITTEL—Flea Powder (Leipsic). Powdered soap. (Fischer.)
FLÖHEWASSER—Flea Water (Koch, veterinary surgeon, Vienna). 7 brandy, 1 benzine, 1 black soap. (Hager.)
FLORILINE—Vegetable Tooth Paste made by John Yates (Albin Müller, Brünn). It is contained in a quadrangular china pot, and is a red, dry, rather hard mass made from prepared chalk, 20 grammes; starch powder, 10 grammes; glycerin, 8 grammes; pellitory tincture, 3 grammes; peppermint oil, 10 drops; and water q. s., coloured with Florentine lac. (Hager.)
FLOUN′DER. A flat fish, very like the plaice, but smaller, and of more obscure colour. It is very common about the British coast, and is found in the Northern, Baltic, and Mediterranean seas. Its flesh is very wholesome.
FLOUR. Syn. Farina, L. The finely ground and ‘dressed’ meal of bread corn, and of the seeds of some of the leguminosæ. That known specifically as ‘flour’ in this country is
obtained from spring varieties of Triticum vulgare (the common wheat).
Var., &c. Of varieties of flour there are several, depending chiefly on the amount of bran which they contain, and the relative fineness of the sieves through which they are passed:—
Fine wheat flour, Pastry flour; Farina, F. tritici, F. seminis tritici. The finest flour, obtained from the meal produced in the first grinding of wheat between sharp stones, by means of a sieve of 64 wires to the inch. Used for pastry.
Middlings. The remainder of the flour of the first grinding, obtained by means of a slightly coarser sieve. Used for making household bread, but is mostly reground for the next variety.
Seconds. The finest part of the flour, obtained by regrinding ‘middlings’ between blunt stones. Used by the bakers for their finest wheaten bread.