Fustic, Young. Syn. Yellow fustic; Fustet, Fr. The wood of the Rhus Cotinus or Venice sumach. It gives a yellow turning on the green, but its colours are not very permanent. It is chiefly used in combination with other dye-stuffs.
GAL′BANUM. Syn. Gum galbanum; Galbanum (B. P.), L. “A gum-resin derived from an unascertained umbelliferous plant. In irregular tears about the size of a pea, usually agglutinated into masses; of a greenish-yellow colour, translucent, having a strong disagreeable odour, and an acrid bitter taste.” (B. P.) Its properties are similar to the other fetid antispasmodic gum-resins. It ranks between ASSAFŒTIDA and AMMONIACUM.
Galbanum, Strained. Syn. Prepared galbanum; Galbanum colatum, G. præparatum (Ph. L.), L. From crude galbanum, as prepared ammoniacum. Formerly the common practice was to melt it in the dry state, by heat cautiously and quickly applied, and to strain it through a piece of coarse canvas stretched across a wooden frame or ‘horse.’ The ‘strained galbanum’ of the shops is seldom pure. The following forms are current in the trade for its ‘reduction,’ as this species of adulteration is technically termed:—
1. Galbanum (true), 9 lbs.; strain as above, then add, towards the end black resin (clean),
3 lbs.; and when the whole is melted, further add of Venice turpentine, 2 lbs.—Product. 12 lbs.
2. Strained galbanum and black resin, of each 6 lbs.; melt, and add, of strained assafœtida, 2 oz.; Venice turpentine, 3 lbs.—Prod. 141⁄2 lbs.
Galbanum, Facti′′tious Strained. Syn. Galbanum colatum factitium, L. Prep. 1. From black resin, 4 lbs.; melt, and add of Venice turpentine, 2 lbs.; assafœtida, 21⁄2 oz.; oils of juniper and fennel, of each 11⁄2 dr.; water, 1⁄2 pint.
2. As the last, adding soft soap, 5 oz. Sometimes the small and ‘waste’ of the chests are added to the above to improve them.
GALÈNE-EINSPRITZUNG—Galen’s Injection (J. F. Schwarzlose Söhne, Berlin). According to Hager:—Gum Arabic, 25 grammes; water, 65·5 grammes; sugar of lead, 4·5 grammes; tinct. opii with saffron, 5 grammes. According to Schädler:—Sulphocarbolate of zinc, 3 grammes; gum Arabic, 20 grammes; tinct. opii, 2 grammes; water, 100 grammes.
GALL. Syn. Bile; Bilis, Chole, Fel, L. A bitter fluid secreted by the liver; in part flowing into the intestines, and in part regurgitating into the gall-bladder. Its uses in the animal economy appears to be—to separate the chyle from the chyme, to promote digestion of oleaginous substances, and to assist in exciting the peristaltic action of the intestines. The fæces appear to owe their colour chiefly to the presence of bile, since, without, they appear of a dirty pipe-clay colour.