GARAN′CINE. See Madder Red.
GAR′DENING. See Horticulture.
GAR′GLE. Syn. Gargarism, Throatwash; Gargarisma, Gargarismus, Gargarismum, L. A liquid medicine applied to the back part of the mouth or upper part of the throat. Gargles are applied by allowing a small mouthful to run as much as possible over the affected part, by holding the head backwards and breathing through it, by which means the liquid is agitated and its action promoted.
Gargles are not to be swallowed. It often happens, however, that patients, either by accident or from negligence, do swallow a certain quantity, notwithstanding the instructions given them to the contrary. Care should therefore be taken to avoid making gargles of such substances as may occasion unpleasant symptoms in small doses, though they may not, perhaps, amount to poisoning.
Gargles usually have for their basis either simple water, or milk, wine, or vinegar, diluted with water, to which, in both cases, sugar, honey, or syrup is generally added. Their other ingredients vary with the indication, but must, in all cases, be either in the liquid form, or soluble in the liquid used as the excipient.
Gargles are commonly dispensed in mixture bottles. The quantity used at a time, under ordinary circumstances, may be about 2-3rds of a wine-glassful.
Gargle. Syn. Gargarisma, G. commune, G. simplex, L. Prep. 1. (St. B. Hosp.) Honey or honey of roses, 11⁄2 fl. oz.; strong vinegar, 21⁄2 fl. oz.; barley water, 1 pint.
2. (St. George’s.) Oxymel, 1 fl. dr.; decoction of barley, 5 fl. dr. In common sore throats, &c. The formulæ of several other hospitals are similar.
Gargle of Ac′etate of Ammo′′nia. Syn. Gargarisms ammoniæ acetatis, L. Prep. (Wendt.) Solution of acetate of ammonia and honey of roses, of each 1 fl. oz.; elder-flower water, 8 fl. oz.; mix. In the ulcerated sore throat of scarlet fever.
Gargle of Acetate of Manganese. Syn. Gargarisma Manganesii Acetatis. Prep. Acetate of Manganese, 1 drachm; water, 7 fluid ounces; clarified honey, 1 oz. The chloride and sulphate of manganese are also used, about 1⁄2 drachm or 2 scruples to 6 oz. of barley water.