Ammonium, Bitartrate of. NH4HC4H4O6. Syn. Ammo′′niæ bitar′tras, L. Prep. To a strong solution of tartaric acid add another of sesquicarbonate of ammonium, or of tartrate of ammonium, as long as a precipitate falls; which must be collected and dried.
Prop., &c. A crystalline powder, only slightly soluble in water, closely resembling ordinary cream of tartar. It is diaphoretic, diuretic, and deobstruent, and is frequently, though improperly, sold for the preceding preparation.
Ammonium, Valerianate of. NH4C5H9O2. Syn. Ammo′′niæ valeria′nas, L. Prep. Saturate valerianic acid with strong solution of ammonia, and evaporate the resulting liquid to a syrupy consistence at a heat under 175° Fahr.; then add twice its volume of alcohol, and, after agitation, allow it to crystallise by spontaneous evaporation.—Dose, 2 to 8 or 10 gr.; in neuralgia, epilepsy, hypochondriasis, hysteria, low fevers of an intermittent kind, &c.; also in dyspepsia and debility complicated with these affections.
AMMONI′ACAL. [Eng., Fr.] Syn. Ammoniaca′lis, L. Pertaining to, or possessing the odour or properties of, ammonia. See Ammonia, &c.
AMMONI′ACUM. Syn. Gum ammoniacum, G. ammo′′niac†; Gomme ammoniaque, Fr.; Ammoniak, Ger. A gummy-resinous exudation from the stem of dorema ammoniacum, in tears and masses, of a pale cinnamon colour, brittle, and when broken has a white and shining surface. Collected in Persia and the Punjaub. (B. P.)
Gum ammoniacum has an unpleasant odour, especially when heated, and a nauseous and slightly bitter taste. It is a mild, stimulating expectorant and emmenagogue; and its effects on the system resemble those of assafœtida except in being weaker. Externally, it is resolvent.—Dose, 10 to 30 gr. in pills or emulsion.
Doses for Animals. Horse, 2 to 4 drachms. Cattle, 2 to 4 drachms. Sheep, 1⁄2 to 11⁄2 drachm. Pig, 1⁄2 to 11⁄2 drachm. Dog, 10 to 20 grains. Either by bolus or emulsion.
Ammoniacum, Strained′. Syn. Prepared ammoniacum; Ammoni′acum præpara′tum (Ph. L.), L. Prep. (Ph. L. 1851.) Boil ammoniacum in water just sufficient to cover it; strain the mixture through a hair sieve, and constantly stirring, evaporate in a water bath, until, on cooling, it becomes hard. The product, owing to a loss of volatile oil, is much weaker than the unprepared gum-resin. The process is only necessary with rough lump ammoniacum.
Ammo′′niated. Syn. Ammonia′tus, L. In pharmacy, perfumery, &c., applied to preparations containing ammonia.
AMMO′NIO-, Ammon′ico-. In chemistry, a common prefix to double salts containing ammonia; as ammonio-citrate, a.-chloride, or a.-tartrate of iron, &c. See the respective metals.