Cooley's Cyclopædia of Practical Receipts and Collateral Information in the Arts, Manufactures, Professions, and Trades..., Sixth Edition, Volume I

by Arnold James Cooley; Richard Vine Tuson

The parenchyma of the barks abounds in starch and oxalate of lime, or else contains a soft brown deposit.

The ‘British Pharmacopœia’ divides the cinchona barks into the three classes of—

1. Yellow Cinchona Bark. Syn. Cinchonæ flavæ cortex. The Cinchona Calisaya of Weddell.

2. Pale Cinchona Bark. Syn. Cinchonæ pallidæ cortex. The bark of Cinchona officinalis; var. Condaminea of Hooker. This bark is also known under the name of Crown-bark, from its having formerly been used by the royal family of Spain.

3. Red Cinchona Bark. Syn. Cinchonæ rubræ cortex. The Cinchona succirubra of Pavon.

The therapeutic properties of the cinchona barks are due to the following alkaloids:—

Quinia, or quinine, having the composition C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂.

Quinidia, or quinidine, having the composition C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂.

Cinchonia, or cinchonine, having the composition C₂₀H₂₄N₂O.

Cinchonidia, or cinchonidine, having the composition C₂₀H₂₄N₂O.