Rumin. From Rumex crispus. Action like rhubarb.—Dose, 3 grains.
Sanguinarin. From Sanguinaria Canadensis. Hepatic and alterative.—Dose, 1⁄2 to 2 grains.
Stillingin. From Stylingia sylvatica. Given in bronchitis and laryngitis. Used externally as a stimulant. Internally, 1 drop with mucilage.
EDELENZIANWURZELSAFT—Noble Gentian-root Juice—Enzian Extract—Extract of Gentian. A water-clear, colourless Schnapps, which contains much fusel oil and has had some of the spirit removed, distilled from gentian plant. (Hager.)
EDIBLE EARTHS. There seems little reason to doubt that the inhabitants of many countries, especially during famine and in times of scarcity, use certain kinds of earth as food. In Spain, a particular kind of earth known as bucaro is eaten; the Russian peasant partakes of his rock-flour; the Thuringian of his rock-butter; the Swede, of his bergmehl or mountain meal; the native of Java of an earth known as teneampa; the Hindoo, of the so-called Patna earth; and the Persian of a species of soil known as Gheli Giveh.
Mr Molvar has analysed an earth, eaten by the poorer classes of the Neograd district in Hungary, and finds it has the following composition:—
| Carbonic acid | 40·357 |
| Lime | 51·488 |
| Magnesia | 0·110 |
| Volatile matter | 5·545 |
| Ferrous oxide | 0·158 |
| Alumina | 2·272 |
As the volatile matter seemed to be the probable means of nourishment, it was subjected to a special examination, and was found to contain, besides empyreumatic substances, 0·067 water, and 0·010 nitrogen.
Dr Schmidt, a German chemist, gives the following as the composition of 100 parts of the air-dried powder from the coast of the White Sea:—
| Water given off at 100° C | 0·260 |
| Given off at a low red heat | 0·835 |
| Alumina | 40·797 |
| Ferric oxide | 0·310 |
| Magnesia | 0·618 |
| Lime | traces |
| Soda | 1·829 |
| Potassa | 9·845 |
| Silicic acid, trace of fluorine, and loss | 45·506 |