to create an entirely smooth and brilliant surface on the cloth.
In all satins the number of ends in a repeat is the same in warp and filling.
The lowest repeat of a regular satin comprises five threads of each system, and the interlacing is done in the following order:
| The | 1st | pick | with the | 1st | warp-thread |
| " | 2d | " | " | 3d | " |
| " | 3d | " | " | 5th | " |
| " | 4th | " | " | 2d | " |
| " | 5th | " | " | 4th | " |
Fig. [43] illustrates this weave. An examination of the rotation, as given above, will show that every warp-thread intersects two picks apart from its neighbor. The number "2" is in this case what is technically known as the counter, that is the number which indicates the points of interlacing by adding it to number 1 and continuing so until all the warp-threads are taken up.
The following is the rule to find the counter for any regular satin:
Divide the number of harness into two parts, which must neither be equal nor have a common divisor. Any of these two numbers can be used for counting off, but usually the smaller one is taken. According to this rule we obtain a regular satin
| On | 5 | harness | with counter | 2 |
| " | 7 | " | " | 2 or 3 |
| " | 8 | " | " | 3 |
| " | 9 | " | " | 2 or 4 |
| " | 10 | " | " | 3 |
| " | 11 | " | " | 2, 3, 4 or 5 |
| " | 12 | " | " | 5 |
| " | 13 | " | " | 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 |
| " | 14 | " | " | 3 or 5 |
| " | 15 | " | " | 2, 4 or 7 |
| " | 16 | " | " | 3, 5 or 7. |
The 4 harness broken twill, Fig. [53], is sometimes classed among the satins.