With this fight the battle-roll of the Post-Office Service ends. A few weeks later the guns were laid away in store, the pikes and cutlasses were sold. The crews were reduced to the numbers of a peace establishment, and the gunners were idle. The Packets came and went unnoticed by the Privateers. The fighting days were over, and from then until now Falmouth has never looked upon the once familiar sight of a vessel creeping in beneath Pendennis Castle with her sides shattered by round shot.
It was a momentous change; the opening of a long peace after more than a century of almost ceaseless warfare. The first result at Falmouth was curious enough. A civil department had controlled the Packets as long as there was fighting to be done; when there was no longer any, a fighting department took them over.
The war had not been at an end more than three years when the Admiralty claimed the Packet Service as a training ground for seamen, and a means of providing for half-pay officers, whose applications for employment were in the highest degree embarrassing. The Post-Office protested, and fought to retain the service which had become distinguished under its control, but all in vain. By degrees the Admiralty expelled the ancient governors of the Packets, changed the regulations, altered the type of ship, and in the end Falmouth knew the Postal officers no more.
The details of these changes, if of any public interest, lie outside the scope of this work, which has aimed only at describing the Packet Service in its prime.
Three full generations have passed away since the last fight mentioned in these pages was fought, and in that long period nearly every detail, even of the bravest among them all, has been forgotten. At Falmouth, where there is still a considerable interest in the ancient service of the Post-Office, no one has collected the facts or given any labour to preserve them from perishing. One by one, as the survivors of the Service died, their memories died with them. Captain Cock has passed out of recollection in the town of his adoption as completely as if he had never lived. Nobody remembers Captain James. The “Morgiana” and the “Montague” are forgotten as absolutely as if no remarkable events had been connected with their names. A few stories are known, half-a-dozen officers are named, but of precise information there is little indeed to be found where it might have been sought most confidently. The present writer, after wandering about the neighbourhood all day in search of recollections, found himself at last towards evening in the pleasant churchyard of Mylor. The ground slopes rapidly down to the beautiful harbour, the blue water and the white sails of a passing boat were clearly visible through the openings of the trees. Sitting on a low wall in the sunshine was the sexton of the church, an old man blind and bowed with age, who had crept out, supported on two sticks, to taste the evening freshness in a spot where every detail of the scene was clear before his mental sight, and whence he could hear the water lapping on the shore below.
Sitting here the old man pointed out that many of the graves lying round were those of Packet officers; and turning his memory back towards those days of which few people, he complained, cared to talk, he brought forth many an anecdote of the Packets, told with an old man’s relish in the times which are gone by. At last, warming to his subject, he plunged into the story of the “Antelope,” telling with spirit and enthusiasm how Pasco, the boatswain, had lashed the Packet to the Privateer, and boarding bravely, had won a noble victory. Not far away, across the harbour, was the little hamlet where Pasco lived. The sexton had known his children; and, when a child himself, had even seen the golden call which, as told in the third chapter of this work, was presented by the Postmaster General to the hero of the fight. It was a pity, the old man thought, that Pasco was forgotten. But all the others were forgotten too; many a statue had been put up in honour of people not so brave.
In this way the old man rambled on till the weariness of age overtook him, and he could draw forth no more recollections. He stayed there sitting in the sun until the child who led him returned to guide him home—a not unfitting symbol of the decay which has fallen on the Service for which his enthusiasm was reserved, and on the reputations of the officers who made it great.
INDEX.
- “Adelphi” captured, [87].
- Admiralty, Packet Service taken over by, [303].
- Admiralty Courts, [24].
- Agents, Packet, their duties, [29];
- malpractices of, [29]–32.
- Altona, [160], [161], [163], [171].
- American ships, largely manned by British seamen, [224], [225].
- “Anaconda,” 243.
- “Antelope,” fight between, and the privateer “Atalanta,” 44–49, [305];
- Anthony, Captain, [178]–183, [196].
- “Arab” captured, [52].
- Armaments of the West India Packets reduced, [37];
- scheme for increasing them, [72].
- “Atalanta” privateer, [44].
- “Attentive,” H.M.S., [135], [142], [143].
- Auckland, Lord, [85], [118], [120];
- Balloon postal service suggested, [118].
- Berlin decrees, as affecting the postal service, [157]–159.
- Bideford, [16].
- Blewitt, Captain, [241], [242].
- “Bona,” 227, [228].
- Bonell, Captain, [21].
- Boulderson, Captain, [208].
- Bounties to wounded sailors, [20].
- Bourrienne, M. de, quoted, [148], [152], [153], [264], [265].
- Bridge, Captain, succeeds in landing his mails, [113]–117.
- British subjects, seizure and imprisonment of, on French territory, [147]–151;
- some attempts to escape, [151]–155.
- Bull, Captain James, [72].
- Bull, Captain John, [203], [204], [205], [208], [209];
- Bullion, amount carried by the Packets, [10];
- how transported to London, [11].
- Bullock, Mr., and the “Prince Adolphus,” 77–79.
- Caddy, Captain, [243].
- Calais Packets, [13].
- Calder, Sir Robert, [210], [211].
- Captains, Packet, their incomes, [9];
- Carne, John, [152].
- “Carteret” captured, [86].
- Chamberlain, Mr., [173];
- his escape from Lisbon, [175].
- Chamberlayne, Mr. Henry, [112], [113].
- “Champion,” 111.
- “Chesterfield,” capture of, [86];
- beats off an American privateer, [287]–290.
- Chronological History of the West Indies (Southey), cited, [76].
- Cock, Captain James, [227] et seq., [270]–274.
- Conference between the merchants and the Postmaster General, [73], [74].
- Continental System, Napoleon’s, [147] et seq.;
- Contractors, the, for the Packets, [15], [16], [18].
- Cooper, Captain John, [20].
- “Cornwallis,” her fight with the Spanish privateers, [178]–181;
- Corunna, Packet communication with, [14], [18].
- “Countess of Leicester,” 73.
- Court of Inquiry into captures of Packets, [99], [100].
- Cunninghame, Captain James, [247];
- his description of his fight with the “Saratoga,” 248–252;
- his services rewarded, [253].
- Curtis, Mr. Edward, [45]–47.
- Cuxhaven, despatch of mails to, [110];
- Deake, Captain, [59], [98].
- Deane, Captain, [168], [169].
- Decree ordering seizure of British subjects on French territory, [147]–151.
- Demerara, privateers repulsed from, [237]–239.
- Denmark, English mails seized in, [165]–168.
- “Despatch” Packet illegally seized, [39], [40].
- Dominica, French expedition against, [134], [135];
- its repulse by Captain Dyneley, [136]–143.
- “Dominica,” H.M. sloop, handed over to the French by her crew, [133].
- “Dryad,” 273.
- “Duke of Clarence” captured, [89].
- “Duke of Marlborough,” 124, [127], [208];
- “Duke of Montrose,” 135 et seq.;
- “Duke of York” captured, [83];
- Dundas, Mr. Henry, [91].
- Dyneley, Captain, [135];
- “Earl Gower,” how captured, [98].
- “Earl of Leicester” piracy case, [26]–28.
- East, Mr., [149], [150].
- Elphinstone, Captain, [242].
- Espriella, Don Manuel, his impressions of a Falmouth inn, [7].
- “Eurotas,” 271, [273].
- “Expedition” captured, [53].
- “Express,” 243, [244].
- Falmouth, before its selection as the Packet headquarters, [3];
- growth and prosperity of, [4], [5];
- effect of the railway on, [12];
- why selected for a Packet station, [14]–16;
- natural advantages of the port and harbour, [16], [17];
- a nest of smugglers, [29];
- the mutiny at, [197] et seq.;
- magistrates in sympathy with the mutineers, [211], [214], [215];
- removal of the Packets from, [216], [217];
- and their return, [220].
- Fares paid by passengers, [10].
- Flynn, Captain, [151].
- Fowey as a Packet station, [219].
- Freeling, Mr. Francis, [85], [93], [112], [120], [246], [253].
- Frost, the great, of 1798, [110] et seq.
- Furze, Captain, [267]–270, [287]–290.
- Giltinan, James, [177].
- Gothenburg as a Packet station, [155], [171].
- Gower, Lord, [85].
- “Grantham,” 125;
- capture and re-capture of, [72].
- Gwin, Daniel, [18].
- “Halifax” captured, [87].
- Hamburg, mails smuggled into, [155];
- Hammond, Captain, and the Danish grain-ships, [26]–28.
- Hartney, Captain, [239].
- Heligoland as a mail depôt, [111], [155];
- capture of, [172].
- Helvoetsluis, the port closed, [109];
- seizure and imprisonment of British subjects at, [148]–151.
- “Hinchinbrooke” wrecked, [245].
- “Hinchinbrooke” beats off an American privateer, [283]–287.
- Holland, closing of her ports, [109].
- Holyhead Packets, [14], [41], [106], [107].
- Husum as a Packet station, [155], [156].
- Inspector of Packets, and the suspicious captures, [92], [93];
- James, Mr., [184]–186, [202], [203], [283]–287.
- “Jane,” capture and re-capture of, [89].
- Jones, Captain John, [21].
- Kempthorne, Captain, [44], [60], [61].
- “King George” captured, [54], [122]–124;
- Kirkness, Captain, [236]–239.
- “Lady Emily” wrecked, [245].
- “Lady Harriet” captured, [87].
- “Lady Mary Pelham,” 235, [236], [254], [255];
- “Lady Nepean,” 168, [169].
- “Lapwing,” 267;
- her fight with a privateer, [268]–270.
- Leston, Mr., [149].
- Letters, the practice of duplicating, [53].
- Lisbon Packets, private trading permitted on, [104], [197];
- its prohibition, [201].
- “Little Catherine,” 296.
- Mails, the insecurity of, [53], [68], [70], [117];
- Maitland, Sir Thomas, [127].
- “Marquis of Kildare” captured, [89], [90].
- Merchants, West India, [18];
- Milford Packets, [14], [106], [107];
- “Montagu,” 239, [255], [256];
- her fight with the “Globe” privateer, [258]–263.
- Moorsom, Captain, [225], [226].
- “Morgiana,” her fight with the “Saratoga” privateer, [247]–252.
- Mudge, Captain, [132].
- Mutineers pressed, [209];
- Mutiny of the crew of the “Speedy,” 290, [291].
- Mutiny of Packetsmen, causes leading up to, [197] et seq.
- Naval History (James), cited, [49], [50], [52], [80], [278];
- its account of Captain Bull’s case examined, [280]–283.
- News, foreign, Packet boats as vehicles of, [6], [36], [37].
- Nicholas, Mr., [161]–163.
- Nicholls, Mr. William, [292]–295.
- Nodin, M., [51], [52].
- Norfolk Herald quoted, [300]–302.
- North Sea (Harwich) Packets. See Packets, North Sea.
- Norway, Captain, his character and career, [255], [256], [262], [263].
- Packet Service, Post-Office, its chronicles neglected, [2], [239], [303], [304];
- established at Falmouth, [3], [4];
- as the vehicle of foreign news, [6], [36], [37];
- number of seamen employed by, [8];
- minor Packet stations, [13], [14];
- reasons for the choice of Falmouth, [14]–16;
- the contractors, [15], [16], [18];
- the Corunna Packets, [18];
- West India and other Packets established, [19];
- pensions and bounties awarded in, [20], [21];
- a fighting service, [21];
- lax administration in, [22] et seq.;
- piracy as practised by the ships of, [22]–28;
- malpractices of the controlling agents, [29]–32;
- corruption at headquarters, [32];
- the beginning of the reforms, [35];
- armament and type of ships altered, [36]–39;
- instructions to captains in time of war, [38], [51];
- superior officers and the absentee system, [57]–60, [84], [121];
- the working of the new system, [60]–62;
- the demands of the merchants for increased security of mails, [70], [71], [75];
- amount of annual deficit, [71];
- suspicious captures of Packets, [88]–93;
- the private trading system, [93]–95;
- scandals rumoured in connection with this, [96]–98;
- result of inquiry into these, [99]–104;
- partial prohibition of private trading, [104];
- the North Sea service during the great frost, [110]–119;
- success of the firmer administration, [120], [121], [222], [223];
- seizure of its employés at Helvoetsluis, [149];
- how the Continental System was evaded, [155], [156], [160]–163, [172], [264]–266;
- the Berlin decrees as affecting, [157]–159;
- reduced to impotence by Napoleon’s policy, [176], [177];
- mutiny at Falmouth, and its causes, [197] et seq.;
- removed to Plymouth, [216];
- return to Falmouth, [220];
- taken over by the Admiralty, [303].
- Packets, Falmouth, their routes, [8], [19], [178];
- tonnage and type of, [15];
- reforms in the armament and type of, [36]–39;
- captures of, by French ships, [52] passim;
- scheme for increasing their armaments, [71], [72];
- time spent in building, [84], [85];
- suspicious captures of, [88] et seq.;
- captures of, by American ships, [226], [232], [241], [251], [270], [300].
- Packets, North Sea, [13], [14];
- Packets, West India, armaments reduced and type altered, [37], [38];
- Parker, John, [210], [213], [218], [219];
- Pasco, Boatswain, [47], [48], [49], [305].
- Pascoe, Richard, [210], [213], [218], [219];
- letter to the attorney, [220],221.
- Passengers, number of, carried by the Packets, [9];
- fares paid by, [10].
- Patterson, Captain, [132].
- Pender, Mr., [58].
- Pension fund established, [121].
- Petre, Captain James, [193], [194], [195].
- Phillimore, Captain, [271], [273].
- Piracy practised by Packet officers, [22]–25;
- Plague at Malta, [245], [246].
- Plymouth, [16];
- “Portland,” two actions fought by, [63]–67;
- capture of, [74].
- Portugal, Napoleon’s demands from, [173];
- Postmaster General, the office held jointly by two ministers, [4]n;
- Post-Office headquarters, lax administration in, [32];
- Post-Office Packet Service. See Packet Service.
- Press-gangs, Packetsmen seized by, [201].
- “Prince Adolphus,” 207, [208];
- capture and redemption of, [77]–79.
- “Prince Edward” captured, [73].
- “Prince Ernest” captured, [74];
- her fight with a privateer, [193]–196.
- “Prince of Orange,” 113–117.
- “Princess Amelia” captured, [89], [225], [226].
- “Princess Augusta” burned, [53].
- “Princess Charlotte” captured, [89].
- “Princess Elizabeth” captured, [70].
- “Princess of Wales” captured, [77].
- “Princess Royal,” her fight with a privateer, [79]–82;
- captured, [88].
- Privateers, American, formidable character of, [224];
- Privateers, French, [43], [44], [69];
- Quaker merchants and the arming of their ships, [41], [42].
- “Queen Charlotte,” 236–239.
- Quick, Captain John, [243], [244].
- Railways, results of the growth of, [12].
- Rapp, Count, quoted, [159], [160].
- Records of the Packet Service neglected, [2], [239], [303], [304].
- Riots among the Packetsmen at Falmouth, [209], [210].
- “Roebuck” captured, [74].
- Rogers, Commodore, [241], [242].
- Rogers, Mr. William, [187]–192.
- “Rossie,” 225, [226].
- Routes of the Falmouth Packets, [8], [19], [178].
- Russell’s wagons, [11].
- “Sandwich” captured, [70].
- “Saratoga,” 252.
- Saverland, Mr., [205], [207], [208], [209], [210], [211], [254], [255].
- Scheveningen, [150].
- Schultz, Mr., [166], [167].
- Seamen, number of, employed in the Packet Service, [8];
- Servante, Captain, [84];
- Skinner, Captain John, [79], [80], [81], [88].
- Slade, Captain, [208], [209].
- Smuggling, in the Packet Service, [28], [29];
- on the Continent during the war, [264]–266.
- Spain, mail communication with, [14], [15], [16].
- “Speedy,” mutiny of her crew, [290], [291].
- Stevens, Captain, [254];
- Surgeons, Packet, [192], [193].
- Sutton, Captain, [297]–300.
- “Swallow” captured, [70], [74].
- Taylor, Mr. N., [63]–67.
- Thornton, Mr., [158].
- “Thynne” captured, [61].
- “Tom,” 227, [228].
- Tonningen, seizure of mails at, [165].
- “Townshend,” private goods found on, [198], [199];
- Trading, private, on the Packets, [9], [93]–95;
- Vivian, Captain, navigates a French frigate, [296].
- Wages of the Packetsmen, [104], [200];
- Wagstaff, Mr., [150].
- “Walsingham” beats off an American privateer, [292]–295.
- “Wasp,” H.M.S., [142], [143].
- West India merchants. See Merchants.
- West India Packets. See Packets, West India.
- “Westmoreland” captured, [87].
- White, Captain, [242].
- “Windsor Castle,” captures a privateer, [187]–191;
- Yescombe, Captain, [62];