Chats on Old Clocks

by Arthur Hayden

[CONTENTS]

	PAGE
[PREFACE]	11
[LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS]	21
[CHAPTER I]
INTRODUCTORY NOTE	27
Time and its measurement—Day and night—Early mechanism—The domestic clock—The personal clock—Rapid phases of invention—The dawn of science—The great English masters of clockmaking—The several branches of a great art—What to value and what to collect—Hints for beginners
[CHAPTER II]
THE BRASS LANTERN CLOCK	45
The domestic clock—Its use as a bracket or wall clock—Seventeenth-century types—Continuance of manufacture in provinces—Their appeal to the collector
[CHAPTER III]
THE LONG-CASE CLOCK—THE PERIOD OF VENEER AND MARQUETRY	67
What is veneer?—What is marquetry?—The use of veneer and marquetry on long-case clocks—No common origin of design—Le style réfugié—Derivative nature of marquetry clock-cases—The wall-paper period—The incongruities of marquetry
[CHAPTER IV]
THE LONG-CASE CLOCK—THE PERIOD OF LACQUER	105
What is lac?—Its early introduction into this country—"The Chinese taste"—Colour versus form—Peculiarities of the lacquered clock-case—The English school—English amateur imitators—Painted furniture not lacquered work—The inn clock
[CHAPTER V]
THE LONG-CASE CLOCK—THE GEORGIAN PERIOD	131
The stability of the "grandfather" clock—The burr-walnut period—Thomas Chippendale—The mahogany period—Innovations of form—The Sheraton style—Marquetry again employed in decoration
[CHAPTER VI]
THE EVOLUTION OF THE LONG-CASE CLOCK	153
Its inception—Its Dutch origin—The changing forms of the hood, the waist, and the base—The dial and its character—The ornamentation of the spandrel—The evolution of the hands
[CHAPTER VII]
THE BRACKET CLOCK	179
The term "bracket clock" a misnomer—The great series of English table or mantel clocks—The evolution of styles—Their competition with French elaboration
[CHAPTER VIII]
PROVINCIAL CLOCKS	211
Their character—Names of clockmakers found on clocks in the provinces—The North of England: Newcastle-upon-Tyne—Yorkshire clockmakers: Halifax and the district—Liverpool and the district—The Midlands—The Home Counties—The West Country—Miscellaneous makers
[CHAPTER IX]
SCOTTISH AND IRISH CLOCKS	255
David Ramsay, Clockmaker Extraordinary to James I—Some early "knokmakers"—List of eighteenth-century Scottish makers—Character of Scottish clocks—Irish clockmakers: Dublin, Belfast, Cork—List of Irish clockmakers
[CHAPTER X]
A FEW NOTES ON WATCHES	281
The age of Elizabeth—Early Stuart watches—Cromwellian period—Watches of the Restoration—The William and Mary watch—Eighteenth-century watches—Pinchbeck and the toy period—Battersea enamel and shagreen
[INDEX]	295

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[ILLUSTRATIONS]

Brass Lantern Clock by John Bushman, 1680	[Frontispiece]
Chapter II.—The Brass Lantern Clock
Ship's Lantern of Silver (Danish)	[47]
Early Lantern Clock by Bartholomew Newsam	[47]
Seventeenth-century Brass Clocks, showing pendulum at front and at back	[51]
Brass Lantern Clock by Daniel Quare, 1660	[55]
" " " with two hands and anchor pendulum	[55]
" " " with long pendulum, chains and weights	[57]
" " " by Thomas Tompion (1671-1713)	[61]
Chapter III.—The Long-case Clock— the Period of Veneer and Marquetry
Long-case Clock. Maker, Jas. Leicester	[75]
" " " by J. Windmills, c. 1705	[77]
" " " enlargement of dial	[77]
" " " by Henry Harper (1690-5)	[81]
" " " by Martin (London), 1710	[85]
" " " in marquetry, "all over" style	[87]
Chest of Drawers (William and Mary period), showing use of marquetry clock panel	[93-5]
Chapter IV.—The Long-case Clock—the Period of Lacquer
Long-case Clock by Joseph Dudds (1766-82)	[115]
" " " by Kenneth Maclennan (1760-80)	[117]
Inn Clock by John Grant (Fleet Street), c. 1785	[125]
Chapter V.—The Long-case Clock—the Georgian Period
Long-case Clock by Henderson, c. 1770	[133]
" " " by Thomas Wagstaff, c. 1780	[137]
" " " by Stephen Rimbault, case by Robert Adam, c. 1775	[139]
Musical Long-case Clock (top portion)	[143]
Long-case Clock by James Hatton (1800-12)	[145]
Regulator Long-case Clock by Robert Molyneux & Sons (1825)	[149]
Enlargement of dial	[149]
Chapter VI.—The Evolution of the Long-case Clock
Brass Dial by Henry Massy, c. 1680	[159]
" " by John Draper, c. 1703	[159]
Enlargements of Dials by John Bushman and Henry Massy	[163]
English Wood-carving, Cherub's Head (seventeenth century)	[167]
Brass Spandrel from Clock, Henry Massy (1680)	[167]
Stretcher of William and Mary Chair (detail)	[171]
Brass Spandrel of Dial of Clock	[171]
Chapter VII.—The Bracket Clock
Bracket Clocks by:—
Sam Watson (Coventry), 1687. Joseph Knibb (Oxon), 1690	[181]
Thomas Loomes (London), 1700. Thomas Johnson (London), 1730	[183]
John Page (Ipswich), 1740. Godfrey Poy (London), 1745	[187]
Johnson (London), 1760. Thomas Hill (London), 1760	[189]
American Clock by Savin & Dyer (Boston), 1780-1800	[193]
Staffordshire Copper Lustre Ware Vase, with painted Clock Dial	[195]
Bracket Clocks by:—
Alexander Cumming (London), 1770. Anonymous, 1800	[199]
Barraud (London), 1805. Strowbridge (Dawlish)	[201]
Biddell (London), 1800. Anonymous (1800-15)	[205]
Ebony Table Clock, decorated with Wedgwood Medallions	[207]
Chapter VIII.—Provincial Clocks
Copper Token, Leeds Halfpenny, 1793	[218]
Long-case Clock by Gilbert Chippindale (Halifax)	[219]
" " " enlargement of hood	[219]
" " " by John Weatherilt (Liverpool) (1780-85)	[221]
" " " by Thurston Lassell (Liverpool), 1745	[225]
" " " by Henry Higginbotham (Macclesfield)	[227]
" " " by Heywood (Northwich), 1790	[231]
" " " by Thomas Wall (Birmingham), c. 1795	[233]
Copper Token, Joseph Knibb, Clockmaker in Oxon	[236]
Long-case Clock by Joseph Knibb (Oxon), c. 1690	[237]
" " " Georgian, Spanish mahogany, by Cockey (Warminster)	[239]
Brass Dial of Welsh Clock by Shenkyn Shon (Pontnedd Fechan), 1714	[243]
Iron Dial of Sussex Clock by Beeching (Ashburnham)	[243]
Long-case Clock, with oval dial, by Marston (Salop), 1761	[245]
Dials of Clocks by Marston (Salop) and Thomas Wall (Birmingham)	[249]
Chapter IX.—Scottish and Irish Clocks
Brass Lantern Clock by Humphry Mills (Edinburgh), 1670	[259]
" " " do. showing movement	[259]
Long-case Clock by Patrick Gordon (Edinburgh), 1705-15	[263]
Dial of Long Pendulum Clock by Jos. Gibson (Ecclefechan), c. 1750	[267]
" " " " enlargement, showing maker's name	[267]
Wall Clock, decorated in marquetry, by George Graydon (Dublin), c. 1796	[269]
Musical Clock by George Aicken (Cork), 1770-95	[273]
Regulator Clock, mahogany case, by Sharp (Dublin)	[275]
Chapter X.—A Few Notes on Watches
Old English Watches (Elizabethan, James I, Cromwellian, and Charles II)	[283]
" " (eighteenth-century examples)	[287]
Calendar Watch (seventeenth century) by Thomas Chamberlaine de Chelmisforde	[291]

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[CHAPTER I]

INTRODUCTORY NOTE