Primers for Metal.
4 to 5 lbs. of paste thinned with 7/8 to 31/32 gallon of benzine or turpentine and 1/8 to 1/32 gallon of mixing varnish.
Primers for Hard Wood.
4 to 5 lbs. of paste thinned with 15/16 gallon benzine or turpentine, 3/64 gallon raw oil, 1/64 gallon mixing varnish.
Primers for Soft Wood.
4 to 7 lbs. paste thinned with ½ to ¾ gallon benzine or turpentine, 15/32 to 15/64 gallon raw oil, 1/32 to 1/64 gallon varnish.
In some cases, with very soft, porous woods, it may be necessary to add more raw oil and some japan or liquid drier, but too much drier must not be added, as it will shorten the "flow."
Second Coat Dipping Paints.
5 to 10 lbs. of paste thinned entirely with benzine or turpentine, or with 7/8 gallon of solvent and variable proportions of oil and varnish according to the surface desired.
Varnish is advocated in all of these mixtures, as it helps to hold the solids and liquids together and prevent separation; it also induces toughness.