[2] F. W. Bourdillon’s translation.
[3] See Compendium of Ecclesiastical History, by G. C. E. Gieseler (English ed., Edinburgh, 1853), vol. iii, p. 388.
[4] See H. C. Lea, History of Auricular Confession (1896), vol. i, pp. 380 et seq.; History of Sacerdotal Celibacy (3rd ed., 1907), vol. ii, chapter on ‘Solicitation,’ pp. 251-96.
[5] On the subject-matter of this chapter see H. O. Taylor, The Mediæval Mind (2 vols., 1911), especially on the influence of the Latin Fathers and the transmission into the Middle Ages of patristic thought, vol. i, pp. 61-109; on the effects of Christianity on the character of mediæval emotion, pp. 330-52; and on the scholastic philosophy, vol. ii, pp. 283 et seq.
[6] For Tanchelm see the following: P Frédéricq, Corpus documentorum Inquisitionis haereticae pravitatis Neerlandicae (Ghent, 1889-96), vol. i, pp. 22-9, nos. 14-29; J. J. Döllinger, Beiträge zur Sektensgeschichte (Munich, 1890), vol. i, pp. 105-9; H. C. Lea, A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages (New York, 1887), vol. i, pp. 64-5.
[7] For Eon de l’Etoile see Döllinger, op. cit., vol. i, pp. 98-103; C. Schmidt, Histoire et Doctrine de la secte des Cathares ou Albigeois (Paris, 1848), vol. i, pp. 48-9.
[8] See T. de Cauzons, Histoire de l’Inquisition en France (Paris, 1909, 1913), vol. i, p. 259. ‘On voit donc la lutte fortement engagée entre l’Église et l’esprit révolutionnaire.’
[9] See Gieseler, vol. iii, pp. 390-1, n.; Döllinger, vol. ii, p. 29. ‘Quod Deus passus est ibi mortem et nunquam dedecus, et ponebant exemplum, si aliquis homo suspendebatur in aliquo arbore, semper illa arbor amicis suspensi et parentibus esset odiosa et eam vituperarent, et nunquam illam arborem videre vellent, a simili locum in quo Deus, quem diligere debemus, suspensus fuit, odio habere debeamus et nunquam deberemus ejus presenciam affectare.’
[10] See Lea, vol. i, p. 72.
[11] Pius Melia, The Origin, Persecutions and Doctrines of the Waldenses, from Documents (London, 1870), p. 1. Other origins of the term Waldenses have been suggested: (1) Vaux or valleys of Piedmont, where the sect came to flourish most, (2) Peter of Vaux, a predecessor of Waldo.