[195] Sprenger, Malleus Maleficarum (Frankfort ed., 1582), vol. i, pp. 488-9: ‘Et eodem modo de adorantibus Daemon[=e] & sacrificantibus ei quia si hoc faciunt, credentes Divinitatem esse in Daemonibus, vel credentes quod cultus latriae sit ei exhibendus, vel quod omnino ex exhibitione talis cultus, assequantur quod requirunt a Diabolo, non obst[=a]te Dei prohibitione, seu etiam permissione, tales essent haeretici. Sed si ista faciunt non ita sentientes de Daemone; sed ut aliquo pacto cum Daemone facilius per ista exequantur ab ipso quod intendunt, tales non sunt haeretici natura rei, licet gravissime peccent.’
[196] A. Albertini, De Agnoscendis assertionibus Catholicis in Zilettus, Tractatus Universi Juris, vol. xi, pt. ii, pp. 65-6. Cf. J. Simancas, De Catholicis Institutionibus in Zilettus, ibid., p. 144 (Tit. xxi).
[197] Lea, vol. iii, p. 454: ‘Inquisitors ... began to insert a clause renouncing sorcery in all abjurations administered to repentant heretics, so that in case they should become addicted to it they could be promptly burned for relapse.’
[198] For Peter of Abano, see supra, pp. 69, 70, and Lea, vol. iii, p. 440; for Gilles de Rais, ibid., pp. 468-89.
[199] Ordinarily inquisitorial trials were secret. Another abnormal feature in this case was the presence of a prosecutor; the third was that the court was really a joint one, being in part the bishop and inquisitors sitting together as a tribunal of the Holy Office to hear the charge of heresy, in part the bishop sitting as president of the ordinary episcopal court, the inquisitors not included, to hear the charge of unnatural lust with which the Inquisition was not competent to deal.
[200] Cf. Lea, vol. iii, p. 486: ‘The morning saw the extraordinary spectacle of the clergy, followed by the whole population of Nantes, who had been clamouring for his death, marching through the streets and singing and praying for his salvation.’
[201] Lecky, Rationalism in Europe, vol. i, pp. 47-53.
[202] See Bart. Spin. in Ponzinibium de lamiis Apologia prima in Malleorum quorundam Maleficarum tam veterum quam recentiorum authorum tomi duo (Frankfort, 1582), vol. ii, pp. 623 et seq.
[203] Ibid., vol. i, pp. 1-8 in Sprenger’s Malleus Maleficarum.
[204] For a critique of Sprenger’s work, see J. Michelet, La Sorcière in [OE]uvres Complètes (Paris, 1893-9), pp. 481-96.