The Gallery of Portraits: with Memoirs. Volume 7 (of 7)

by Arthur Thomas Malkin

Duke-Street, Lambeth.

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PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES
CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME.

		Page.
1.	Gustavus Adolphus	[1]
2.	Marc Antonio Raimondi	[10]
3.	Coke	[15]
4.	Gibbon	[25]
5.	Scaliger	[32]
6.	Penn	[39]
7.	De Thou	[49]
8.	Chatham	[55]
9.	Mozart	[66]
10.	Loyola	[73]
11.	Brindley	[81]
12.	Schiller	[87]
13.	Bentham	[97]
14.	Catherine II.	[103]
15.	Defoe	[112]
16.	Hume	[121]
17.	De Witt	[129]
18.	Hampden	[137]
19.	Dr. Johnson	[145]
20.	Jefferson	[153]
21.	Wilberforce	[162]
22.	Dr. Black	[169]
23.	Bacon	[177]
24.	Sir Walter Scott	[185]

Engraved by J. Posselwhite.
GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.
From a Print by Paul Pontius, after a Picture by Van Dyck.
Under the Superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge.
London, Published by Charles Knight & C^o. Ludgate Street.

GUST. ADOLPHUS.

During the fourteenth, and the beginning of the fifteenth century, Sweden, lying under vassalage to the crown of Denmark, suffered the evils which commonly belong to that condition. Gustavus Vasa, after a series of romantic adventures, established the independence of his country, and was deservedly elected by the Swedish Diet, in 1523, to wear its crown. The same kingdom to which he gave a place among free states, his grandson, Gustavus Adolphus, raised from the obscurity of a petty northern power, to rule in Germany, and to be the terror of the Church of Rome.

The establishment of the Reformation was coeval with the independence of Sweden; and a fundamental law forbade any future sovereign to alter the national religion, or to admit Roman Catholics to offices of power and trust. For infringing this principle, Sigismond, by election King of Poland, the lineal successor of Gustavus Vasa, was set aside by the Diet, and the crown was given to his father’s younger brother, Charles, Duke of Sudermania. Charles died, and was succeeded by his son Gustavus Adolphus, December 31, 1611; the high promise of whose youth induced the States to abridge the period of minority, and admit him at once to the exercise of regal power, though he had but just attained the age of seventeen, being born December 9, 1594.