[34] It was spring when the miracle happened, as is to be inferred from the flowers being mentioned above.
[35] The sudden appearance of these officials and ministers is somewhat strange here. The Pâli Gâtaka may account for it. 'At the same time, it is said there (IV, p. 411) that [the eyes] reappeared, the whole attendance of the king (sabbâ râgaparisâ) was present by the power of Sakka.'
[36] The purport of this royal precept may be illustrated by the corresponding parts of the narrative in the Pâli Gâtaka. The precept is there given twice, in prose and in verse, see Fausböll's Gâtaka IV, p. 411, 22, and p. 412, 7.
[37] Viz. the story of the tigress.
[38] Poshadha in Buddhistic Sanskrit = Pâli uposatha, which is of course the same word as Sanskrit upavasatha. A fuller form uposhadha occurs in the Avadânakalpalatâ VI, 76.
[39] The text has na Sugataparikaryâ vidyate svalpikâpi, the parallel passage in the Pâli Gâtaka may serve as its commentary:
Na kir' atthi anomadassisu
Pârikariyâ Buddhesu appikâ.
In stanza 18 of this Gâtaka the purport of these words of the king is thus expressed: kshînâsraveshu na kritam tanu nâma kimkit; therefore, kshînâsrava = Pâli khînâsavo, 'who has extinguished his passions,' is here synonymous with buddha. Speaking properly, then, all wandering monks, who are earnestly performing their duties as such, may be styled 'buddhas,' cp. for instance, Suttanipâta, Sammâparibbâganîyasutta, verse 12; in other terms, buddha may sometimes be an equivalent of muni. So it is used in chapter xiv of the Dhammapada; see the note of Prof. Max Müller on verses 179 and 180 in Sacred Books, vol. x, p. 50, and the verses pointed out by Weber, Ind. Streifen, I, p. 147. It is also plain that the Pratyekabuddhas are considered to belong to the general class of the Buddhas. Though they are different from the Supreme Buddhas (Samyaksambuddha), they are nevertheless also sugatas or buddhas. Cp. Spence Hardy, Manual, pp. 37-39; Kern, Het Buddhisme, I, pp. 294-296.
[40] That is: to fire, water, seizure from the part of the king. Cp. Story V, stanza 8.