1. S. aùrea, Nutt. Lobes of the simply pinnatifid leaves entire or toothed; pod ½´ long, on elongated spreading pedicels, beaked by the long slender style.—Mo. and Kan. to Tex.
2. LEAVENWÓRTHIA, Torr.
Pod broadly linear or oblong, flat; the valves nerveless, but minutely reticulate-veined. Seeds in a single row in each cell, flat, surrounded by a thick wing. Embryo straight! or the short radicle only slightly bent in the direction which if continued would make the orbicular cotyledons accumbent.—Little winter annuals, glabrous and often stemless, with lyrate leaves and short 1–few-flowered scape-like peduncles. (Named in honor of the late M. C. Leavenworth.)
1. L. Michaùxii, Torr. Scapes 2–6´ high; leaf-lobes usually numerous (7–15); petals purplish or nearly white with a yellowish base, obtuse; pods not torulose, oblong to linear (6–15´´ long); style short.—S. Ind to Tenn. and Mo.
2. L. torulòsa, Gray. Similar, but pods torulose even when young, linear; style 1–2´´ long; seeds acutely margined rather than winged; petals emarginate.—Barrens of Ky. and Tenn.
3. DENTÀRIA, Tourn. Toothwort. Pepper-root.
Pod lanceolate, flat, as in Cardamine. Style elongated. Seeds in one row, wingless, the stalks broad and flat. Cotyledons petioled, thick and very unequal, their margins somewhat infolding each other.—Perennials, of damp woodlands, with long, horizontal, fleshy, sometimes interrupted, scaly or toothed rootstocks, of a pleasant pungent taste; the simple stems leafless below, bearing 2 or 3 petioled compound leaves about or above the middle, and terminated by a single corymb or short raceme of large white or purple flowers. Flowers larger, pods broader, and seeds larger than is usual in Cardamine. (Name from dens, a tooth.)
[*] Rootstock elongated; leaves 3-foliolate.
1. D. diphýlla, L. Rootstock long and continuous, often branched, toothed; stem-leaves 2, similar to the radical ones, close together; leaflets rhombic-ovate or oblong-ovate, shortly petiolate, coarsely crenate, the teeth abruptly acute; petals white.—Rich woods, Maine to Minn. and Ky. May.—Rootstocks 5–10´ long, crisp, tasting like Water-Cress.
[*][*] Rootstock tuberous, more or less moniliform; leaves 3-foliolate or 3-parted.