6. S. Rhodìola, DC. (Roseroot.) Stems erect (5–10´ high); leaves oblong or oval, smaller than in the preceding; flowers in a close cyme, greenish-yellow, or the fertile turning purplish.—Throughout Arctic America, extending southward to the coast of Maine, and cliffs of Delaware River; also in the western mountains. May, June. (Eu.)
Order 37. DROSERÀCEÆ. (Sundew Family.)
Bog-herbs, mostly glandular-haired, with regular hypogynous flowers, pentamerous and withering-persistent calyx, corolla, and stamens, the anthers fixed by the middle and turned outward, and a 1-celled capsule with twice as many styles or stigmas as there are parietal placentæ.—Calyx imbricated. Petals convolute. Seeds numerous, anatropous, with a short and minute embryo at the base of the albumen.—Leaves circinate in the bud, i.e., rolled up from the apex to the base as in Ferns. A small family of insectivorous plants.
1. DRÓSERA, L. Sundew.
Stamens 5. Styles 3, or sometimes 5, deeply 2-parted so that they are taken for 6 or 10, slender, stigmatose above on the inner face. Capsule 3- (rarely 5-) valved; the valves bearing the numerous seeds on their middle for the whole length.—Low perennials or biennials; the leaves clothed with reddish gland-bearing bristles, in our species all in a tuft at the base; the naked scape bearing the flowers in a 1-sided raceme-like inflorescence, which nods at the undeveloped apex, so that the fresh-blown flower (which opens only in sunshine) is always highest. The plants yield a purple stain to paper. (The glands of the leaves exude drops of a clear glutinous fluid, glittering like dew-drops, whence the name, from δροσερός, dewy.)
1. D. rotundifòlia, L. (Round-leaved Sundew.) Leaves orbicular, abruptly narrowed into the spreading hairy petioles; seeds spindle-shaped, the coat loose and chaff-like; flowers white, the parts sometimes in sixes.—Peat-bogs, Lab. to Minn., Ind., and southward; common. July, Aug. (Eu.)
2. D. intermèdia, Hayne, var. Americàna, DC. Leaves spatulate-oblong, tapering into the long rather erect naked petioles; seeds oblong, with a rough close coat; flowers white. (D. longifolia, Gray, Manual.)—Bogs, with the same range but less common. June–Aug.—Plant raised on its prolonged caudex when growing in water. (Eu.)
3. D. lineàris, Goldie. (Slender Sundew.) Leaves linear, obtuse, the blade (2–3´ long, scarcely 2´´ wide) on naked erect petioles about the same length; seeds oblong, with a smooth and perfectly close coat; flowers white.—Shore of L. Superior, Mich., and Minn.
4. D. filifórmis, Raf. (Thread-leaved Sundew.) Leaves very long and filiform, erect, with no distinction between blade and stalk; seeds spindle-shaped; flowers numerous, purple rose-color (½´ broad).—Wet sand, near the coast, Mass. to N. J. and Fla.