Pistils numerous but cohering over each other in a solid mass on an elongated receptacle. [Magnoliaceæ], [49]

Pistils numerous, separate, but concealed in a hollow receptacle.

Leaves opposite, entire; no stipules. [Calycanthaceæ], [167]

Leaves alternate, with stipules. [Rosa], in [Rosaceæ], [162]

Pistils several, immersed in hollows of the upper surface of a large top-shaped receptacle. [Nelumbo], in [Nymphæaceæ], [55]

Pistils more than one, separate, not enclosed in the receptacle.

Stamens inserted on the calyx, distinct. [Rosaceæ], [150]

Stamens united with the base of the petals, monadelphous. [Malvaceæ], [96]

Stamens inserted on the receptacle.

Filaments much shorter than the anther; trees. [Anonaceæ], [50]