2. D. tères, Walt. Hairy or minutely pubescent annual; stem spreading (3–9´ long), nearly terete; leaves linear-lanceolate, closely sessile, rigid; corolla funnel-form (2–3´´ long, whitish), with short lobes, not exceeding the long bristles of the stipules; style undivided; fruit obovate-turbinate, not furrowed, crowned with 4 short calyx-teeth.—Sandy soil, N. J. to W. Ill., Fla., and Tex.
7. GÀLIUM, L. Bedstraw. Cleavers.
Calyx-teeth obsolete. Corolla 4-parted, rarely 3-parted, wheel-shaped, valvate in the bud. Stamens 4, rarely 3, short. Styles 2. Fruit dry or fleshy, globular, twin, separating when ripe into the 2 seed-like, indehiscent, 1-seeded carpels.—Slender herbs, with small cymose flowers (produced in summer), square stems, and whorled leaves, the roots often containing a red coloring matter. (Name from γάλα, milk, which some species are used to curdle.)
§ 1. Naturalized species; fruit dry.
G. vèrum, L. (Yellow Bedstraw.) Perennial; stems smooth, erect; leaves 8 or sometimes 6 in the whorls, linear, roughish, soon deflexed; flowers very numerous, paniculate, yellow; fruit usually smooth.—Dry fields, E. Mass. (Nat. from Eu.)
G. Mollùgo, L. Perennial, smooth throughout; stems erect or diffuse, 2 or 3° long; leaves 8, or 6 on the branchlets, oblanceolate to nearly linear; flowers very numerous in ample almost leafless panicles; fruit smooth.—Roadsides and fields, N. Y. and Penn. (Nat. from Eu.)
G. Ánglicum, Huds. Annual, slender, diffuse, seldom 1° high, glabrous; leaves 5–7, oblanceolate to nearly linear (3´´ long), their margins and the angles of the stem spinulose-scabrous; flowers rather few, cymulose on leafy branches, greenish-white, very small; fruit glabrous, more or less tuberculate.—Roadsides, Bedford Co., Va. (Curtiss). (Nat. from Eu.)
G. tricórne, With. Annual, resembling G. Aparine, rather stout, with simple branches; leaves 6 or 8, oblanceolate, cuspidate-mucronate, the margins and stem retrorsely prickly-hispid; flowers mostly in clusters of 3, dull white; fruits rather large, tuberculate-granulate, not hairy, pendulous.—Fields, eastward. (Nat. from Eu.)
§ 2. Indigenous species; fruit dry.
[*] Annual; leaves about 8 in a whorl; peduncles 1–3-flowered, axillary; fruit bristly with hooked prickles.