Var. laciniàtum, Gray. Leaves irregularly and coarsely toothed or laciniate.—Penn., Ky., and southward.
7. E. semiserràtum, DC. Minutely velvety-pubescent, branching (2–3° high); leaves lanceolate or oblong, triple-ribbed and veiny, serrate above the middle, tapering to the base, the lower slightly petioled; heads small. (E. parviflorum, Ell.)—Damp soil, Va. to Ark., and southward.—Leaves sometimes whorled in threes, or the upper alternate.
8. E. altíssimum, L. Stem stout and tall (3–7° high), downy; leaves lanceolate, tapering at both ends, conspicuously 3-nerved, entire, or toothed above the middle, the uppermost alternate; corymbs dense; scales of the involucre obtuse, shorter than the flowers.—Dry soil, Penn. to Minn. and Ky.—Leaves 3–4´ long, somewhat like those of a Solidago.
[+][+][+][+] Leaves sessile or nearly so, with a broad base, opposite or in threes; heads pubescent.
[=] Heads 5–8-flowered; leaves not clasping.
9. E. teucrifòlium, Willd. Roughish-pubescent (2–8° high); leaves ovate-oblong and ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or truncate at base, slightly triple-nerved, veiny, coarsely toothed or incised toward the base, the lower shortly petioled, the upper alternate; branches of the corymb few, unequal; scales of the involucre oblong-lanceolate, at length shorter than the flowers.—Low grounds, Mass. to Va., and southward near the coast.
10. E. rotundifòlium, L. Downy-pubescent (2° high); leaves roundish-ovate, obtuse, truncate or slightly heart-shaped at the base, deeply crenate-toothed, triple-nerved, veiny, roughish (1–2´ long); corymb large and dense; scales of the (5-flowered) involucre linear-lanceolate, slightly pointed.—Dry soil, R. I. to Va., near the coast, and southward.
Var. ovàtum, Torr. Usually taller, leaves ovate, acute, hardly truncate at base, more strongly serrate; heads 5–8-flowered. (E. pubescens, Muhl.)—Mass. to Va., near the coast.
11. E. sessilifòlium, L. (Upland Boneset.) Stem tall (4–6° high), smooth, branching; leaves oblong- or ovate-lanceolate, tapering from near the rounded sessile base to the sharp point, serrate, veiny, smooth (3–6´ long); corymb very compound, pubescent; scales of the 5-flowered involucre oval and oblong, obtuse.—Copses and banks, Mass. to Ill., and southward along the mountains.
[=][=] Leaves opposite, clasping or united at the base, long, widely spreading; heads mostly 10–15-flowered; corymbs very compound and large.