Pubescent or scabrous 33–36
Leaves not 3-ribbed, or only obscurely triple-nerved.
Heads large; leaves thickish, very smooth, entire. Seashore 13
Panicle virgate or thyrsoid; leaves nearly entire 14–17
Heads very small in a short broad panicle; leaves nearly entire 18–20
Heads racemosely paniculate; leaves ample, the lower serrate 21–28
§ 1. VIRGAÙREA. Rays mostly fewer than the disk-flowers; heads all more or less pedicelled.
[*] Scales of the much imbricated and rigid involucre with abruptly spreading herbaceous tips; heads in clusters or glomerate racemes, disposed in a dense somewhat leafy and interrupted wand-like compound spike.
1. S. squarròsa, Muhl. Stem stout (2–5° high), hairy above; leaves large, oblong, or the lower spatulate-oval and tapering into a margined petiole, serrate, veiny; heads numerous; scales obtuse or acute; disk-flowers 16–24, the rays 12–16.—Rocky and wooded hills, Maine and W. Vt. to Penn., Ohio, and the mountains of Va.; rather rare.
2. S. petiolàris, Ait. Minutely hoary or downy; stem strict, simple (1–3° high); leaves small (½–2´ long), oval or oblong, mucronate, veiny, rough-ciliolate; the upper entire and abruptly very short-petioled, the lower often serrate and tapering to the base; heads few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle, on slender bracted pedicels; rays about 10, elongated; scales of the pubescent involucre lanceolate or linear-awl-shaped, the outer loose and spreading, more or less foliaceous.—S. W. Ill. to Kan. and southward.—The name is misleading, as the leaves are hardly petioled.