3. G. uliginòsum, L. (Low Cudweed.) Diffusely branched, appressed-woolly annual (3–6´ high); leaves spatulate-oblanceolate or linear, not decurrent; heads (small) in terminal sessile capitate clusters subtended by leaves; scales brownish, less imbricated.—Low grounds; common, especially east and northward; perhaps introduced. (Eu.)
4. G. supìnum, Villars. (Mountain Cudweed.) Dwarf and tufted perennial (2´ high); leaves linear, woolly; heads solitary or few and spiked on the slender simple flowering stems; scales brown, lanceolate, acute, nearly glabrous; achenes broader and flatter.—Alpine summit of Mount Washington; very rare. (Eu.)
§ 2. GAMOCHÆ̀TA. Bristles of the pappus united at the very base into a ring, so falling off all together.
5. G. purpùreum, L. (Purplish Cudweed.) Annual, simple or branched from the base, ascending (6–20´ high), silvery-canescent with dense white wool; leaves oblong-spatulate, obtuse, not decurrent, green above; heads in sessile clusters in the axils of the upper leaves, and spiked at the wand-like summit of the stem; scales tawny, the inner often marked with purple.—Sandy or gravelly soil, coast of Maine to Va., and southward.
34. ADENOCAÙLON, Hook.
Heads 5–10-flowered; the flowers all tubular and with similar corollas; the marginal ones pistillate, fertile; the others perfect but sterile. Involucral scales few, equal, in a single row, not scarious. Receptacle flat, naked. Anthers caudate. Achenes elongated at maturity, club-shaped, beset with stalked glands above; pappus none.—Slender perennials, with the alternate thin and petioled leaves smooth and green above, white-woolly beneath, and few small (whitish) heads in a loose panicle, beset with glands (whence the name, from ἀδήν, a gland, and καυλός, a stem).
1. A. bícolor, Hook. Leaves triangular, rather heart-shaped, with angular-toothed margins; petioles margined.—Moist woods, shore of Lake Superior, and westward. Stem 1–3° high.
35. ÍNULA, L. Elecampane.
Heads many-flowered, radiate; disk-flowers perfect and fertile. Involucre imbricated, hemispherical, the outer scales herbaceous or leaf-like. Receptacle naked. Anthers caudate. Achenes more or less 4–5-ribbed; pappus simple, of capillary bristles.—Coarse herbs, not floccose-woolly, with alternate simple leaves, and large yellow flowers. (The ancient Latin name.)
I. Helènium, L. (Elecampane.) Stout perennial (3–5° high); leaves large, woolly beneath; those from the thick root ovate, petioled, the others partly clasping; rays very many, narrow.—Roadsides and damp pastures. Aug.—Heads very large. Root mucilaginous. (Nat. from Eu.)