1. H. nudiflòrum, Nutt. Somewhat puberulent, 1–3° high; leaves narrowly lanceolate or oblong to linear, entire, or the radical spatulate and dentate; heads mostly small; disk brownish, globose; ray yellow or partly brown-purple, sterile (neutral or style abortive), shorter than or exceeding the disk. (Leptopoda brachypoda, Torr. & Gray.)—Ill. and Mo. to N. Car. and Tex.; nat. near Philadelphia. Hybridizes with the next. June–Aug.
2. H. autumnàle, L. Nearly smooth, 1–6° high; leaves mostly toothed, lanceolate to ovate-oblong; heads larger (about 6´´ broad); disk yellow; ray fertile, yellow.—Alluvial river-banks and wet ground, Conn. to Minn., south and westward. Sept.
Heads many-flowered; rays 3-cleft or -toothed, neutral or sometimes fertile, or none. Involucral scales in 2–3 rows, the outer larger, loose and foliaceous. Receptacle convex to globose, beset with bristle-like or subulate or short and soft chaff. Achenes top-shaped, 5-costate, villous; pappus of 5–10 long thin scales, awn-tipped by the excurrent nerve.—Erect herbs with alternate leaves and large showy heads of yellow or purplish fragrant flowers on terminal or scapiform peduncles. (Named after Gaillard de Merentonneau.)
1. G. símplex, Scheele. Annual; leaves all radical, usually spatulate, pinnatifid to entire; head globose on a naked scape, usually rayless.—S. Kan. to Tex.
2. G. lanceolàta, Michx. Annual, leafy-stemmed, branched, 1–2° high, finely pubescent; leaves oblanceolate to linear, mostly entire; rays rather few or none; chaff very short or obsolete.—S. Kan. to Tex. and Fla.
3. G. aristàta, Pursh. Perennial, hirsute, often 2° high; leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate, broad or narrow, entire to coarsely pinnatifid; rays usually numerous and long; chaff bristly or subulate.—Dak., west and southward.
65. DYSÒDIA, Cav. Fetid Marigold.
Heads many-flowered, usually radiate; rays pistillate. Involucre of one row of scales united into a firm cup, at the base some loose bractlets. Receptacle flat, not chaffy, but beset with short chaffy bristles. Achenes slender, 4-angled; pappus a row of chaffy scales dissected into numerous rough bristles.—Herbs, mostly annuals or biennials, dotted with large pellucid glands, which give a strong odor (as in Tagètes, the French Marigold of the gardens, which belongs to the same group); heads terminating the branches; flowers yellow. (Name δυσωδία, an ill smell, which the plants exemplify.)
1. D. chrysanthemoìdes, Lag. Nearly smooth, diffusely branched (6–18´ high); leaves opposite, pinnately parted, the narrow lobes bristly-toothed or cut; rays few, scarcely exceeding the involucre.—Roadsides, and banks of rivers, Minn. to Ill., Tenn., and southwestward. Aug.–Oct.