The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States / Including the District East of the Mississippi and North of North Carolina and Tennessee

by Asa Gray

Stamens 4 or 8; aquatics; styles or sessile stigmas 4. [Halorageæ], [180]

Perfect stamens 4; styles 2; shrub. [Hamamelideæ], [179]

Stamens 4; style and stigma 1; chiefly shrubs. [Cornaceæ], [213]

Stamens 5; flowers in umbels, or rarely in heads.

Fruit dry, splitting in two at maturity; styles 2. [Umbelliferæ], [193]

Fruit berry-like; styles 2–5, separate or united. [Araliaceæ], [212]

Division II. GAMOPETALOUS calyx and corolla both present; the latter with its petals united more or less into one piece.

A. Stamens more numerous than the lobes of the corolla.

Ovary 1-celled with one parietal placenta. [Leguminosæ], [122]

Ovary 1-celled with two parietal placentæ. [Adlumia], &c., in [Fumariaceæ], [60]