9. P. Boòttii, Gray. Stem simple, dwarf (5–6´ high), pubescent at the summit; the heads in an almost simple raceme; lowest leaves halberd-shaped or heart-shaped, the middle oblong, the upper lanceolate, nearly entire, tapering into a margined petiole; involucre (livid) 10–18-flowered, the proper scales 10–15, very obtuse; pappus straw-color.—Alpine region, mountains of Maine, N. H., and N. New York.
92. LYGODÉSMIA, Don.
Heads and flowers (5–10) nearly as in Nabalus; the cylindrical involucre more elongated, and the achenes long and slender, tapering at the summit; pappus whitish.—Smooth, often glaucous, low perennials, with single erect heads of rose-purple flowers terminating almost leafless or rush-like stems or branches. (Name composed of λύγος, a pliant twig, and δέσμη, a bundle, from the fascicled twiggy or rush-like stems.)
1. L. júncea, Don. Stems (1° high) tufted, branched, striate; lower leaves lance-linear, 1–2´ long, rigid, the upper awl-shaped and minute; heads 5-flowered.—St. Croix River, Wisc., to Kan., and westward. July.
93. TRÓXIMON, Nutt.
Head large, solitary, many-flowered. Scales of the bell-shaped involucre ovate or lanceolate, pointed, loosely imbricated in 2 or 3 rows. Achenes smooth, 10-ribbed, with distinct beak or none, pappus longer than the achene, white, of copious and unequal rigid capillary bristles.—Perennial scapose herbs, with elongated linear tufted root-leaves, and yellow flowers. (Name probably from τρώγω, to chew, of no obvious application.)
1. T. cuspidàtum, Pursh. Scape 1° high, from a thickened caudex, leaves lanceolate, elongated, tapering to a sharp point, entire, woolly on the margins; scales of the involucre lanceolate, sharp-pointed, achene beakless.—Prairies, Wisc., N. Ill., and westward. April, May.
2. T. glaùcum, Nutt. Scape 1–2° high; leaves linear to lanceolate, entire to dentate or laciniate; head often pubescent or villous; achene long-beaked.—Minn. to Neb. and southwestward.
94. TARÁXACUM, Haller. Dandelion.
Head many-flowered, large, solitary on a slender hollow scape. Involucre double, the outer of short scales; the inner of long linear scales, erect in a single row. Achenes oblong-ovate to fusiform, 4–5-ribbed, the ribs roughened, the apex prolonged into a very slender beak, bearing the copious soft and white capillary pappus.—Perennials or biennials; leaves radical, pinnatifid or runcinate; flowers yellow. (Name from ταράσσω, to disquiet or disorder, in allusion to medicinal properties.)