1. L. latifòlium, Michx. Stem loosely branched, erect (2–3° high), rough; leaves ovate and ovate-lanceolate, mostly taper-pointed (even the floral ones 2–4´ long), ribbed-veined, roughish above, finely soft-pubescent beneath, the root leaves large and rounded; corolla shorter than the calyx.—Open ground and borders of woods, W. New York to Minn., south to Va. and Ark.
§ 3. BÁTSCHIA. Nutlets white, smooth and shining; corolla large, salver-form or nearly so, deep orange-yellow, somewhat pubescent, the tube much exceeding the calyx, and the throat appendaged. (Roots perennial, long and deep, yielding a red dye.)
[*] Corolla-tube one half to twice longer than the calyx, not much longer than the ample limb, the lobes entire; appendages little if at all projecting.
2. L. hírtum, Lehm. Hispid with bristly hairs (1–2° high); stem-leaves lanceolate or linear, those of the flowering branches ovate-oblong, bristly-ciliate; corolla woolly-bearded at the base inside (limb 8–12´´ broad); flowers distinctly peduncled, crowded, showy; fruiting calyx (½´ long) 3–4 times longer than the nutlets.—Pine barrens, etc., N. Y. to Minn., south and westward. April–June.
3. L. canéscens, Lehm. (Puccoon of the Indians.) Softly hairy and more or less hoary (6–15´ high); leaves obtuse, linear-oblong, or the upper ovate-oblong, more or less downy beneath and roughish with close appressed hairs above; flowers sessile; corolla naked at the base within; fruiting calyx (3´´ long) barely twice the length of the nutlets.—Plains and open woods, in sandy soil, Ont. to Va., Ala., and westward. May.
[*][*] Corolla-tube in well-developed flowers 2–4 times the length of the calyx and of its erose-toothed lobes, and the appendages conspicuous and arching; later flowers small, cleistogenous.
4. L. angustifòlium, Michx. Erect or diffusely branched from the base, 6–18´ high, minutely rough-strigose and hoary; leaves linear; flowers pedicelled, leafy-bracted, of two sorts; the earlier large and showy (corolla-tube 8–18´´ long), the later and those of more diffusely branching plants, with inconspicuous or small and pale corollas, without crests, and the pedicels commonly recurved in fruit; nutlets usually punctate. (L. longiflorum, Spreng.; the long-flowered form.)—Dry and sterile or sandy soil, Ind. and Mich. to Dak. and Tex., and westward.
8. ONOSMÒDIUM, Michx. False Gromwell.
Calyx 5-parted; the divisions linear and erect. Corolla tubular, or tubular-funnel-form, not crested (the sinuses minutely hooded-inflexed), the 5 acute lobes converging or barely spreading. Anthers oblong-linear or arrow-shaped, mucronate, inserted in the throat. Style thread-form, much exserted. Nutlets bony, ovoid, smooth, erect, fixed by the base; the scar minute, not hollowed out.—Chiefly perennial herbs, coarse and hispid, with oblong and sessile ribbed-veined leaves, and white, greenish, or yellowish flowers, in at length elongated and erect leafy raceme-like clusters; in summer.—Our species belong to true Onosmodium, with smooth included anthers on very short filaments; the corolla rarely twice the length of the calyx. (Named from the likeness to the genus Onosma, which name means ass-smell.)
1. O. Virginiànum, DC. Clothed all over with harsh and rigid appressed short bristles; stems rather slender (1–2° high); leaves narrowly oblong, or oblong-lanceolate (1–2½´ long), the lower narrowed at base; lobes of the narrow corolla lance-awl-shaped, sparingly bearded outside with long bristles.—Banks and hillsides, N. Eng. to Fla., Mo., and La.