Calyx bell-shaped, 5-toothed. Corolla funnel-form, 5-lobed, a little irregular. Stamens 4. Capsule 2-celled, with the partition at right angles to the convex valves. Seeds transversely winged.—Woody, with compound leaves, climbing by aerial rootlets. (Abridged from the Mexican name.)
1. T. radìcans, Juss. (Trumpet Creeper.) Leaves pinnate; leaflets 9–11, ovate, pointed, toothed; flowers corymbed; stamens not protruded beyond the tubular-funnel-form orange and scarlet corolla (2½–3´ long); pod oblanceolate, 4–5´ long.—Moist soil, Penn. to Ill., south to Fla. and Tex. Common in cultivation farther north.
3. CATÁLPA, Scop., Walt. Catalpa. Indian Bean.
Calyx deeply 2-lipped. Corolla bell-shaped, swelling; the undulate 5-lobed spreading border irregular and 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 2, or sometimes 4; the 1 or 3 others sterile and rudimentary. Capsule very long and slender, nearly cylindrical, 2-celled, the partition at right angles to the valves. Seeds winged on each side, the wings cut into a fringe.—Trees, with ovate or cordate and mainly opposite leaves. (The aboriginal name.)
1. C. speciòsa, Warder. A large and tall tree, with thick bark; leaves ample, heart-shaped, long-acuminate; corolla 2´ long, nearly white, inconspicuously spotted, with obconical tube and slightly oblique limb, the lower lobe emarginate; capsule thick.—Low rich woodlands, S. Ind. to Tenn., Mo., and Ark. May.
C. bignonioìdes, Walt., of Ga., Ala. and Miss., very widely cultivated, and formerly including the above species, is a low much branched tree, with thin bark, smaller (1½´ long) thickly spotted corolla (with oblique limb and lower lobe entire), and a much thinner capsule.
Order 79. PEDALIÀCEÆ.
Herbs, with chiefly opposite simple leaves, and flowers as of the preceding Order, except in structure of ovary and fruit, the former being 1-celled, the latter fleshy-drupaceous, with wingless seeds and thick entire cotyledons.—Ovary (in ours) 1-celled, with 2 parietal intruded placentæ expanded into 2 broad lamellæ or united into a central columella.
1. MARTÝNIA, L. Unicorn-plant.
Calyx 5-cleft, mostly unequal. Corolla gibbous, bell-shaped, 5-lobed and somewhat 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 4, or only 2. Fruit fleshy, the flesh at length falling away in 2 valves; the inner part woody, terminated by a beak, which at length splits into 2 hooked horns, and opens at the apex between the horns, imperfectly 5-celled, owing to the divergence of the two plates of each placenta, leaving a space in the centre, while by reaching and cohering with the walls of the fruit they form 4 other cells. Seeds several, wingless, with a thick roughened coat.—Low branching annuals, clammy-pubescent, exhaling a heavy odor, stems thickish; leaves simple, rounded; flowers racemed, large. (Dedicated to Prof. John Martyn, of Cambridge, England.)