8. S. Wrìghtii, Gray. Firm and woody at base, not stoloniferous nor tuberiferous, low, many-stemmed in a tuft, minutely cinereous-puberulent, very leafy; leaves ovate or spatulate-oblong, entire, subsessile (½´ long), the upper floral shorter than the flowers; corolla pubescent (½´ long), usually violet.—Kan. to Tex.
9. S. párvula, Michx. Herbaceous; subterranean stolons moniliform-tuberiferous; minutely downy, dwarf (3–6´ high), branched and spreading; all but the lower leaves sessile and entire, the lowest round-ovate, the others ovate or lance-ovate, slightly heart-shaped (6–8´´ long); corolla 2–4´´ long.—Sandy banks, W. New Eng. to Minn., south to Fla. and Tex.—Var. móllis, Gray, is more spreading, softly pubescent throughout, with larger less firm leaves.—Sandy banks, S. Ill. to Kan.
10. S. galericulàta, L. Herbaceous; subterranean stolons not tuberiferous; smooth or a little downy, erect (1–2° high), simple; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute, serrate, roundish and slightly heart-shaped at base (1–2´ long); corolla violet-blue, 8–9´´ long, with slender tube, the large lower lip nearly erect.—Wet shady places; common especially northward. (Eu.)
§ 2. Nutlets conspicuously winged, each raised on a slender base.
11. S. nervòsa, Pursh. Smooth, simple or branched, slender, 10–20´ high; lower leaves roundish, the middle ovate, toothed, somewhat heart-shaped (1´ long), the floral ovate-lanceolate, entire; nerve-like veins prominent beneath; corolla bluish, 4´´ long, the lower lip exceeding the concave upper one.—Moist thickets, N. Y. to Ind., south to Va. and Mo.
26. BRUNÉLLA, Tourn. Self-heal.
Calyx tubular-bell-shaped, somewhat 10-nerved and reticulated-veiny, flattened on the upper side, naked in the throat, closed in fruit, 2-lipped; upper lip broad and flat, truncate, with 3 short teeth, the lower 2-cleft. Corolla ascending, slightly contracted at the throat and dilated at the lower side just beneath it, 2-lipped; upper lip erect, arched, entire; the lower reflexed-spreading, 3-cleft, its lateral lobes oblong, the middle one rounded, concave, denticulate. Stamens 4, ascending under the upper lip; filaments 2-toothed at the apex, the lower tooth bearing the anther; anthers approximate in pairs, their cells diverging.—Low perennials, with nearly simple stems, and 3-flowered clusters of flowers sessile in the axils of round and bract-like membranaceous floral leaves, imbricated in a close spike or head. (Name said to be from the German braune, a disease of the throat, for which this plant was a reputed remedy.)
1. B. vulgàris, L. (Common Self-heal or Heal-all.) Leaves ovate-oblong, entire or toothed, petioled, hairy or smoothish; corolla (violet or flesh-color, rarely white) not twice the length of the purplish calyx.—Woods and fields, Newf. to Fla., westward across the continent. June–Sept. (Eu.)
27. PHYSOSTÈGIA, Benth. False Dragon-head.
Calyx nearly equally 5-toothed, obscurely 10-nerved, short-tubular or bell-shaped, more or less enlarged and slightly inflated in fruit. Corolla funnel-form, with a much inflated throat, 2-lipped; upper lip erect, nearly entire; the lower 3-parted, spreading, small, its middle lobe larger, broad and rounded, notched. Stamens 4, ascending under the upper lip; anthers approximate; the cells parallel.—Smooth perennials, with upright wand-like stems, and sessile lanceolate or oblong mostly serrate leaves. Flowers large and showy, rose or flesh-color variegated with purple, opposite, crowded in simple or panicled terminal leafless spikes. (Name from φῦσα, a bladder, and στέγη, a covering.)