1. C. boreàlis, Raf. Scape and leaves 5–8´ long; umbel 3–6-flowered; perianth greenish-yellow, somewhat downy outside (3–4´´ long); berry ovoid, blue; ovules 20 or more.—Cold moist woods, Lab. to N. C., west to Minn.
2. C. umbellàta, Torr. Flowers half the size of the last, white, speckled with green or purplish dots; umbel many-flowered; berry globular, black; ovules 2 in each cell.—Rich woods, in the Alleghanies from N. Y. to Ga.
18. UVULÀRIA, L. Bellwort.
Perianth narrowly bell-shaped, lily-like, deciduous; the 6 distinct sepals spatulate-lanceolate, acuminate, obtusely gibbous at base, with a deep honey-bearing groove within bordered on each side by a callus-like ridge. Stamens much shorter, barely adherent to their base; anthers linear, much longer than the filaments, adnate and extrorse, but the long narrow cells opening laterally. Style deeply 3-cleft; the divisions stigmatic along the inner side. Capsule truncate, coriaceous, 3-lobed, loculicidal at the summit. Seeds few in each cell, obovoid, with a thin white aril.—Stems rather low, terete, from a short rootstock with fleshy roots, naked or scaly at base, forking above, bearing oblong perfoliate flat and membranaceous leaves with smooth margins, and yellowish drooping flowers, in spring, solitary on terminal peduncles. (Name "from the flowers hanging like the uvula, or palate.")
1. U. perfoliàta, L. Glaucous throughout, ½–1½° high, with 1–3 leaves below the fork; leaves glabrous, oblong- to ovate-lanceolate, acute; perianth-segments granular-pubescent within (8–16´´ long); stamens shorter than the styles; tip of the connective acuminate; cells of the capsule with 2 dorsal ridges and 2-beaked at the apex.—Rich woods, N. Eng. to Dak., and southward.
2. U. grandiflòra, Smith. Yellowish-green, not glaucous; stem naked or with a single leaf below the fork; leaves whitish-pubescent beneath, usually somewhat acuminate; perianth-segments smooth within or nearly so (12–18´´ long); stamens exceeding the styles, obtusely tipped; capsule obtusely lobed. (U. flava, Smith.)—Rich woods, Canada to Ga., west to Minn. and Mo.
19. OAKÈSIA, Watson.
Flowers resembling those of Uvularia, but the segments obtuse or acutish, carinately gibbous and without ridges within. Capsule membranous, elliptical, acutish at each end or shortly stipitate, triquetrous and acutely winged, very tardily dehiscent. Seeds globose, with a very tumid spongy rhaphe.—Stem acutely angled, from a slender creeping rootstock, with sessile clasping leaves scabrous on the margin, and 1 or 2 flowers terminal on slender peduncles but soon appearing opposite to the leaves by the growth of the branches. (Dedicated to William Oakes.)
1. O. sessilifòlia, Watson. Leaves lance-oblong, acute at each end, pale, glaucous beneath, sessile or partly clasping; sepals 7–12´´ long; anthers obtuse; capsule short-stipitate, 6–10´´ long. (Uvularia sessilifolia, L.)—Low woods, N. Brunswick to Fla., west to Minn., Neb. and Ark.
2. O. pubérula, Watson. Slightly puberulent; leaves bright green both sides and shining, oval, mostly rounded at base, with rougher edges; styles separate to near the base, not exceeding the acute anthers; capsule not stipitate, 10–12´´ long. (Uvularia puberula, Michx.)—Mountains, Va. to S. C.